urn:nl-mpi-tools-elan-eaf:73f802ff-7a12-48ee-aa55-005ee0ef6691
41731
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And then there was ex--, a great big spurt and a bang in the water.
And the pierman, who was employed by the PLA, he said, Well, oh, it's a lot of things dropped in there.
Oh, crumbs, what's this? Mind of it.
Then, once again, the, as, as I, as I said with the, the skipper, I was shocked, because he didn't go after the barges.
But when the safety of their boat was concerned, and he'd say, Alright, we can't lay here, we can't leave the boat -- which they could've done -- no-one to blame them.
So, we upped, we all cast off, and we all went our ways.
Or our other boat was there by that time, the Vanuk, and Percy Green was the skipper.
Eh no, no, Percy Green was the mate still then, and Stan Terson was the skipper.
And we ran down to Knights Roads, which was abreast of Lyalls, where the Victoria Dock is.
And, uh, I say, and the Germans came back.
And, uh, we was in a silly position really, but, ehm, they hung on there, and the bombs were dropping close, and we could see the dock, a absolute ball of flame silhouetted against the air.
And, uh, and there's, on our boat, we had the scuttle open, the scuttle, which was the sliding hatchway to the after-cabin, and there was the Scotsman sitting there rocking back and forwards with his son in the dark, wouldn't have the light on, and the mate and the skipper was sitting up on the wheelbox and that, and, uh, we knew we had no water, so I said, Well, I'm going across on the other boat, for water, which I did do.
And I looked up at the skipper, Uncle Jim Chew, and he could see the gasometers in Levens Road gasworks silhouetted by a ball of flame behind them, and his house was a couple of streets behind that.
I could see him now, and I really, you know, admired the man there, you know, sitting there.
I mean, his wife was there and his child.
And I went over in the other boat, and, ehm, down below they're playing card, they was all cockneys, and they had the light on, they're playing cards and all the rest of it and they couldn't care less.
So, I stayed there.
It was a bit more cheerful, and in the end, uh, Fred Smith come over, got me, I thought, thought something happened to me, 'cause I was so long; so, we took the water back, made tea, and it, we'd got too bad then, so, I forgot the time of the night it was, but we cut and run, and we went down below to Plumstead, and moored up there.
And next day, 'e came in up, which was the Sunday; it was, ehm, like a scene from H. G. Wells', uh, Things to Come, after the war.
You couldn't see any sign of life on the shore; I mean, as far as we're concerned, we were the only people alive.
And smoke and barges drifting about everywhere.
And, uh, then, as we passed Woolwich, we'd just see a lorry going on, 'cause, I think it's Church Road.
It's up high at Woolwich.
And we went back to Blackwall Pier, and we tied up.
And then, we walked home, 'cause Jim Chew lived in this general direction which I did and, uh, we parted, and as I walked down Slimmer's Road, and at the bottom, mi grandmother's turning, there's Rosenblatt's, uh, Jewish bakers -- that was flat.
And, uh, walked 'round the corner and, uh, knocked at my own house, and I could hear them crying indoors, 'cause they didn't know what happened to me.
And, uh, that was it.
But mi grandmother was there -- mi father's mother -- she'd been bombed out from Culloden Street.
And, ehm, that was the start of the blitz.
And, ehm, 'course of a night-time, we, ehm, we had no shelter; we were privileged in the sense that my father had bought a second-hand Ford car before the war.
I forget what one it was -- the old straight-backed one.
I think sixty pound it cost.
And the milkman taught him how to drive, and there was no driving test at the time, and, uh, mi father used to get very aerated if you, ag--, agitated and, uh, first day we went out, he used to wear his stiff celluloid collar.
Uh, he didn't have a bowler hat, no or nothing, but the stiff celluloid collar.
And all the neighbours'd stand out and the milkman with his wife and mother and four children in the car.
And, 'course, he didn't give it enough throttle and he kept -- CHUNK! along the street he was getting more and more agitated along the street.
Then because of the car, we had a side entry down the bottom, and he built a bit of a lean-to, that was a garage; so we had no room, to put an Anderson shelter.
At that time, there were no, they did have shelters you could put inside underneath the table, steel, steel mesh.
So, we was all in the family shelter next door, the Lovelands.
So, husband and wife, and he hadn't worked for years; he was gassed in the First World War, and who-- had sort of form of palsy, and we could hear this ratting his, on his gas mask case.
And, yes, after he came out of the war, Loveland, after the First World War, and he started deteriorating, 'cause he was gassed; the men carried him for as long as they could -- they carried him for years.
He was a stoker, in the gasworks till they couldn't cover him anymore.
And 'course, never worked after that.
He had two children, two boys and a, a girl.
And 'course, we were all stuck in this Anderson shelter.
And Iris was a baby, in arms and that was it.
And, uh, then when things got bad, uh, my aunt, her nerve went, and she went down to Woodford, which is only a part of London, but there was no bombing there at Woodford.
And, uh, they used to go down there every night, and then mi mother went there, and uh, I started going down there, but then you sort of got immune to it and, uh, we went into the shelter belonging to a family, the Stamps.
In fact, th--, th--, the grandson was Terence Stamp, the actor.
If you'd like to hear about that family...
[INT] Let's leave that for another occasion, shall we?
Yeah. Anyway, we're in Stamps', there's Bobby Stamp, he had one eye, uh, and Johnny Stamp and his sister.
His father was a donkeyman, he went to sea.
And, uh, so there was room in this shelter, and we used to go over there.
And, uh, then, when the intensity of the bombing declined, we, uh, just used to stay in bed and in, and then you just wouldn't, uh, take notice of it; you just got immune to it. But the beginning...
[INT] What, what sort of work were you doing through this period?
Well, just doing mi normal work.
But also, ehm, we did a night m--, mine patrol once a week.
Various lighterage firms shared it, and we got paid a payment, but an overtime payment, but it was compulsory so that ehm, as they started dropping mines, like the acoustic mines, there up the river, you had the, uh, minesweepers used to go up and down.
H. P. Herbert used to serve on those, on the Water Gypsy.
But the lighterage tug used to patrol the sections of the river v--, to stop them landing, coming down on parachute and report them.
And you weren't allowed any navigation lights, which a bit hairy.
Except when there's full moon, when you could see well, and then they would allow you little navigation lights, but they were, were screened.
And similarly, with the bridges, the bridges of a night-time they're got two orange lights, which'd signify the middle of the working arch.
So, there might be two or three arches like that.
But 'course, they were eh hooded, and they were very hard to see.
And, uh, so, everybody just did their normal work, in, in the blitz.
You went to work, and you came home, and if it's firefighting, that'd be on, go up to the roof, incendiary bombs along the street, uh, because they couldn't get to it.
And, ehm, that was until they m--, made explosive incendiaries, and then of course it was dangerous.
They're more dangerous then.
When you went to tackle incendiary bomb, it'd explode.
But in the first instance, they'd just come down in clusters, and you could ehr, get a stirrup pump or dowse them with sand with the stirrup pumps.
And then the s--, the street itself, we organise our own voluntary, uh, watch of a night-time, a fire-watch, and we did two hours, and I used to go with mi father.
And then, someone else would come along and relieve you and then we'd go through the night like that.
They did try and f--, they, they did fetch in compulsory fire-watching at factories, but my father was a, a socialist, and also he detested Morrison, because Morrison was a conch in the First World War, and, ehm, when they said, he had to go and fire-watch at a factory over in Mile End somewhere, he said, I'm not! He said, I'll go prison!
He said, No conchy's gonna tell me what to do! That's it and he wouldn't.
But we did the fire-watching in the street.
So that, ehm, life carried on more or less as normal.
You just did your work, and, uh, if there's an air raid, you was disturbed at night.
That was it and you went to work next morning -- wherever it was.
Uh, by that time there was very little work in the docks for dockers and stevedores; my mother's brothers were gone lorry-driving and things like that.
And then later on, of course, when they got the emergency ports of eh Mersea and, ehm, Loch Ryan and Gurrock, they ehm asked for them to volunteer to go and work in these ports, and they went to various places.
My uncle John went down to Cardiff, I know, down there, working as a stevedore.
But, uh, there was still a bit of lighterage, uh, although in the first incident when the ships couldn't get through E-boat alley, 'cause it's much, too much too dangerous on the east coast.
Ehm, they started making the tug crews a week on the labour, a week off.
So you was a week on labour, a week off.
And, ehm, the, the lightermen, of course, they was on the eh labour all the time.
Excuse me. It was still a reserved occupation.
And, ehm, then a few ships started coming through, and then they started fetching stuff through Bristol, and piping oil up across to, to Windsor and place like that.
So, uh, our small tug, 'cause there was two st--, what they call dock tugs -- the varlet and the vassal, uh, colloquially known as toshers.
Not those two but that type of tug up to eighty horsepower was called a tosher, its nickname.
Just a two-man crew, a skipper and a mate.
Uh, and they would do the work when they're not towing in the dock, and perhaps come out and tow up the creek and back in the dock again. [CUT IN RECORDING]
But one of those went on the long run and that, from upriver down to Teddington and we did go up and pick craft up from Teddington and work.
So there was, the work did spring up again as far as lighterage was concerned, but not to the same extent.
And, ehm, getting towards the end of my two years, when you are an unlicenced apprentice, the, ehm, labour master, Sid Stayden, old Sid Stayden, ehm, said, Right, we'll have to get you driving, because you're supposed to have experience driving under oars, when you went up for your test.
And, uh, so there weren't many driving jobs, he give us, he gave us, gave me one.
I went with a chap, and we was gonna drive out of Chelsea Creek and go up to Hammersmith.
But by the time we go outside, the boat was waiting for us.
And there's another one, where we was going to drive up to the Victoria Dock, up along to Rotherhithe, but once again we was only gone f--, f--, about half a mile, and the tug picked us up.
But, of course, when you went up for your twos, you had to say that, ehm, you had experience of driving under oars.
I had, but not enough.
But then, of course, they asked you questions about sets of tides and things like that and, uh, it was quite eh awe-inspiring, the, uh, Watermen's Hall; it's very old hall, and all the court would be sit berobed.
A little high table in front of the window and you'd go in with your master, in this instance my father, apprenticed to mi father, and, ehm, then the boy had to step forward, and they'd address you as the boy.
And various members of the court asked you questions.
If you, you failed the test, your master could ask f--, for them to get a barge, whether they did it in wartime, I don't know, but pre-war, and you would drive the barge under oars, with the beadle of the company rowing behind to observe your performance.
But, uh, it never came to that.
I got my two-year licence.
Uh, and then, I went as a lighterman on the craft then.
The last part of my first two years, ehm, I went 'round to what they called the New Wharf, it was a railway wharf up Bow Creek, by Canning Town Bridge, which, ehm, was the headquarters if you like, it was our reporting place for the lightermen of Volkins, 'cause we contracted for the LNER, which had that wharf there.
And, ehm, so the boy would be there, and you'd get sent out to assist lightermen, but you'd mainly at the wharf, sweeping up barges and things like that.
But once you got your twos, you was out on your own then, you were at a lesser rate than the freemen, uh, certain restrictions on night work, uh, but, ehm, to all intents and purposes you worked as a freeman.
And because pre-war they'd tended to use a lot of apprentices, 'cause they was cheap, as the unions got more power, it, it imposed a quota of apprentices to the number of freemen a firm could have and...
[INT] When was that, then, that the regulations, specific regulations were brought in?
Ehm, it was a, I suppose about nineteen thirty-nine, nineteen forty, as they's, they was getting more power.
I couldn't say exactly, but, ehm, it started.
Similarly 'round about that time, they'd got meal hours paid for, the lightermen, because eh lightermen you could say tow up and, to the New Wharf, for instance, we... [CUT IN RECORDING]
...past twelve, you've had no lunch, and they'll say, Right, well, that one's gotta go out! You see? And, 'course, it's the tide.
So, that, ehm, the men, when they felt their feet warm, I mean, they've come out of the depression, eh they started refusing to do that, and then they've brought a meal hour in, so you could change straight over, eh and you'd get paid for an hour's overtime.
And, but as soon as you'd finished that second job, now you had to have your meal hour.
Charged for a meal, but it didn't work out that way so much.
Ehm, you could come out the Victoria Dock, and you'd missed the boat going up, and you'd be stuck at out on Victoria Dock buoy.
The only way to get ashore is by watermen.
The watermen by that time were very few and far between, particularly in the war.
Or you'd get a police-boat to put you ashore.
And you used to get -- I think it's half a crown -- it was the waterage fee.
And you either gave it to the police-boat or the watermen or someone stepped you ashore; then you just walked in and that was yours.
But if you couldn't get ashore, you're just stuck there.
Well, as far as you was concerned, you was coming out, you was gonna tow up somewhere and you'd get ashore.
But you would be stuck there.
And you'd have nothing, nothing to eat or drink.
You might be there for six hours time the boat, if he'd gone right up along, waited for it to come along t--, t--, to pick you up.
I mean, you got paid, didn't you, if you did that, but you had nothing to eat or drink.
And that was it. And, ehm,... [TAPE INTERRUPTED]
...a sandwich, you'd take a sandwich with you in your pocket, and that was it.
All you had in the barge's cabin was a stove -- and I don't know if the museum's got a b-- a barge stove -- but they are a particular stove; they're peculiar to barges, in the shape of them.
And the front was open.
And to start the fire, you made a blower yourself, out of newspaper, so, it was rectangular stove.
And then, it conical at the top, and then your funnel went up, generally to the deck level.
Now, this would be inclined to be smoky, so, if you got a rattan mat, you'd make an extension to your funnel with a rattan mat or cardboard anything like that, to, to give it sort of a bit of draught.
So, there was the bars at the bottom for the fire, and then it was just open at the top, and you'd put newspaper around the rim and get it tight and make a blower from that, and it'd take the smoke away and get, your, your fire going properly.
Coal was not provided in that instance; you used to pinch your coal.
When you got alongside a coal barge, you coaled the barge up, then it became a question of, ehm... [CUT IN RECORDING]
And you had the, uh, the stove, the fire in the, the cabin and then the locker, which was just a wooden bench.
Ri--, if you visualize that the Huddis plates, the, the configuration of the barge sloped down, forward and aft.
W-, aft, the cabin was always aft.
And they'd matchline the cabin a bit.
And then in between the two, if you like, artificial walls, uh, they would be the lockers; so there'd be a bench, and although most of the barges didn't have a locker underneath, it st--, carried the name on, when it used to be a sort of a cupboard underneath there.
And this is where you stayed.
And the lifebelt on the barge was a round, pillow shape, and, 'course, you would use that for a pillow, if you was sleeping aboard the barge.
Eh, the cabins weren't unpleasant, except if you got a barge that was rat-infested.
Then you could, you could smell them; you could hear them.
[UNCLEAR] you could see the rat droppings everywhere, and then you could, uh, smell them, and, uh, smells like that you never forget.
You can describe it, and it's similar, when -- going back to my childhood -- when we had the shop, and when things were still a bit hard, people used to let rooms out.
And we had a young couple, let a room out to them, and, ehm, I don't think they was very clean, 'cause I remember mi father come into our bedroom, once looking over the wall -- I, I didn't know what he was looking for -- it was bugs.
And, uh, when this couple finally moved, well, in fact, we wanted the room, because we were growing up by then.
And, uh, we went in, and where the bed had been on the far window, uh, we started stripping the wallpaper, my brother and I, and there was a mess of bugs.
We was shovelling them up and running them down, and I tell you, I know what the, a bug smells like, or a bug infestation, but I couldn't describe it.
Not 'cause it's indescribable; it's like trying to describe, uh, the difference between roast potatoes, uh, roast chicken, and, and, uh, apple pie.
It, it's difficult, so, with a rat-infested barge, you smelt it as soon as you went on.
And some barges -- it don't matter how often they were fumigated, and they would fumigate them, ehm, when they went on the barge yard.
Uh, they, they would come back again, the rats.
And, uh, live aboard the barge.
And that was that.
So, that was aft; your cabin was aft, and down forward -- because there was no toilet -- was where you found the brown-handled knives.
So, you'd either have a piece of sacking, and you went to the toilet there, and you would throw it overboard, but if you didn't have sacking or newspaper, then, of course, it was left there and, until such times when she went in the barge yard for the overhaul, and then the barge repairers and the barge builders, they cleaned it out.
But, uh, that was the forward.
On the tug they had a toilet, but, ehm, you weren't allowed to use it, the lighterman, just for the crew. Yeah.
And, ehm, if you's, ehm, towing up, behind the barge, uh, behind the tug, as I say, the lighterman could go aboard for a cup of tea, and that was it.
That was your lot.
Ehm, so that in lighterage, you learnt, in the first instance, by being with people as a two-year boy, and then you were on your own, you still learnt.
I, I learnt quite a lot by sitting and listening.
Now, men, eh, eh dockers and stevedores'll say that lightermen and, and, and probably working men in general, they always talk about work.
That was their main topic of conversation.
Work, then, then women, uh, then betting and sport, and way, way down.
And after television came in, television became the prime 'un, and, ehm, the work went down one, and then everything was downgraded one then in that order of priority.
But you could sit and listen, and the men'd be describing an experience and -- there was a couple things I learnt which, amongst others, ehm, helped me in later time.
And then, remember once, one of them saying, that's when he was coming out of Barking Creek, the wind into the creek was stronger than the tide and the barge, being a light barge, empty barge, it was catching wind more, and, ehm, the lighterman just got some gratings from out of the barge, tied them to the light and dropped them overboard and that, few gratings in the tide counterbalanced the wind and out she went.
And, uh, another one was, another bad place was the eastern basin of the London Dock.
It's the walls, the quay walls were high.
You'd come into the Shadwell entrance, and then go through into the East India Dock, get locked up.
And then you had to shoot across, try and get way, with barge.
Barges used to be equipped with a pair of paddles -- that was the oars -- and a hitcher, which a long, long boat pole, with a hook on it.
But, the paddles came from Sweden.
And of course through the war, they dried up, and they were a few and far between, so, we was down then to what they called fingernail lighterage.
You'd use your fingernails.
So that when you came out of that lock, in the Shadwell Basin to go past the East India Dock, you used to try and get as much way across you to trade across.
There's peculiarity of the wind there sometimes; you get in the middle, and you just go 'round and 'round.
And, ehm, I 'member someone telling me once that, uh, got the funnel from the stove, which was cast iron, and they were chained; they broke the chain, tied the end to the rope, and just dropped down the forward and that.
And pulled it either side, and it got a bit of way on the barge again, to get that way.
So, you learnt by doing things.
And you learnt by listening and, and watching others, then you got like a thing like that.
Oh, another one was that, ehm, with a tug sometimes, you got a terrific wind, if you had a terrific wind, and you would round -- you always round into the tide, the tide was yo--, act as a brake.
Uh, sometimes you couldn't get downhead to the wind.
If you went 'round stern first, full speed, you could come back to where you want to.
But that, that's another thing that we're in good stead with later on when I was in the army.
And, ehm, so, I got mi twos, and then, shortly after that, ehm, I became a registered man, because, in the first two years, you were unregistered, although the scheme come in nineteen forty-one.
So, shortly before I got my twos, the scheme started and I became a registered man.
And, ehm, I belonged to a yorth, youth organisation -- Young Christian Workers -- was a catholic workers' organisation.
And, uh, I'd been elected national president and then the national secretary -- they couldn't get him reserved, and he'd gone into the army.
Pats, Patrick Keegan, he was a Wiggan hod.
And, ehm, they asked me if I'd go, so I went in the June of nineteen forty-two to Liverpool, and, uh, I was national secretary, used to edit the magazine, and, uh, deal with the correspondence, arrange conferences and whatnot, until December, and they couldn't get m--, m--, me reserved also; thought I'd come out of reserved occupation, and, uh, I was called up, and joined the east Lancs for the six weeks initial training at the camp at Blundell Sands.
It'd been a holiday camp.
And, uh, once again it was about December, winter, and, uh, oh, it was freezing.
There was no heating in these flimsy chalets.
And there was, uh, three men to a chalet, and we did our initial training there.
And there was a, a chap there who was a bus driver, he came out of the backwoods, if you like, in Lancashire; and I had to cover for him.
I remember we, we went to his place, and, uh, he kept getting stomach cra--, cramp, and we thought he was swinging the lead.
The doctor said he was swinging lead.
But the poor bugger had perforated ulcers.
He told them when he came in the army he had ulcers.
And the doctor gets more towards he's swinging lead, and, uh, he went one day, reported sick, and he spewed up black, and they rushed him to hospital, and he was dead, within about a few hours, in the army.
And, uh, so that's our six weeks training there at Blundell Sands.
And then, you, you went to the various regiments, according to your trade or your inclination, 'cause they had this, uh, psychologist did the test.
And, uh, I went into the Royal Engineers, the lighterage, and then, went down to Cardiff, just outside [UNCLEAR] Cardiff, by Llandaff Cathedral, for the sapper's training, you know, in demolition and stuff like that.
And then, from that I went up to the Surrey Docks, there was Nissen huts put in the Surrey Docks for the IWT, Inland Water Transport section of the Engineers.
And, ehm, from there, after the initial training, went up to Cairnryan to the army camps there, 'cause that was a military port by then.
And, ehm, the thing I remember from there, may--, more than anything else, was the fact that the water came out of the taps brown; it was peat.
First I met this.
And the fact that, ehm, being Adams, A in the alphabet, I always got put first into things.
And once -- and this is no exaggeration -- I went to three different units in three days.
We was with the Engineers, and we were sent to an artesian works company, couple of camps down before, but that last night I was on fire picket duty for the night.
Security duty the next night, and then we marched 'round the loch to join the company we were gonna form, PFB company, and I was on guard the first night again, three nights on the trot.
That was that, being A.
So that, ehm, we's, just sort of general duties there, and then we formed this Port Floating Equipment company, 969 PFE, and we went to Cairnryan.
Now, from Cairnryan we went 'round to a headland, but the nearest place was the Isle of Whittle.
It's on the Mull of Galloway.
And eh a bay near us, Rigg Bay, we started the secret experiments for the Mulberry Harbour.
And the first one was the, the first idea rather, was great big concrete cassoins, the floating barges, which would be flooded, with a road going between them, and they got pioneers winching this roadway up and down, and this was too cumbersome, and they abandoned it, but then, they used these cassoins as breakwaters in Rigg Bay, because it r--, really used to be fierce there, the weather, on the Scottish coast.
And, uh, then they hit on the idea with the pontoons supporting flexible bridging, which was the main thing.
And, uh, when they decided this was what they was gonna use, ehm, we then moved down to the Isle of Wight, and we started training on this stuff.
'Cause we was afloat; we got up the Navy's nose, because they, see, and they said, no.
They were gonna tow them across to France.
And when their bods came and looked at them, they said, We're not gonna go next, 'cause it was just a section of floating roadway -- six spans on pontoons, which were not facing the direction of port, but athwart. Across the direction of port, resting on it.
#
and
then
there
was
ex--
a
great
big
spurt
and
a
bang
in
the
water
#
and
the
pierman
#
who
was
employ-ed
by
the
PLA
%
he
said
#
well
oh
it
='s
a
lot
of
thing-s
#
0
dropped
in
there
#
oh
crumb-s
what
='s
this
mind
of
it
#
then
once
again
the
as
as
I
as
I
said
with
the
the
skipper
I
was
shock-ed
#
because
he
did-n't
go
after
the
barge-s
#
but
#
when
the
safety
of
their
boat
was
concern-ed
%
and
he
='d
say
#
alright
we
can't
lay
here
#
we
can't
leave
the
boat
#
which
they
could
='ve
done
no-one
#
0
to
blame
them
#
so
we
upped
#
we
all
cast
off
#
and
we
all
went
our
way-s
#
or
our
other
boat
was
there
by
that
time
the
Vanuk
#
and
Percy Green
was
the
skipper
#
eh
no
no
Percy Green
was
the
mate
still
then
#
and
Stan Terson
was
the
skipper
#
and
we
ran
down
to
Knights Roads
#
which
was
abreast
of
Lyalls
#
where
the
Victoria Dock
is
#
and
uh
I
say
and
the
German-s
came
back
#
and
uh
we
was
in
a
silly
position
really
#
but
ehm
they
hung
on
there
#
and
the
bomb-s
were
dropping
close
#
and
we
could
see
the
dock
#
a
absolute
ball
of
flame
silhouette-d
against
the
air
#
and
uh
and
there
='s
on
our
boat
we
had
the
scuttle
open
the
scuttle
#
which
was
the
sliding
hatchway
to
the
after-cabin
#
and
there
was
the
Scotsman
#
0
sitting
there
#
0
rock-ing
back
and
forwards
with
his
son
in
the
dark
#
0
would-n't
have
the
light
on
#
and
the
mate
and
the
skipper
was
sitting
up
on
the
wheelbox
and
that
#
and
uh
we
knew
#
we
had
no
water
#
so
I
said
#
well
I
='m
go-ing
across
on
the
other
boat
for
water
#
which
I
did
do
#
and
I
look-ed
up
at
the
skipper
Uncle Jim Chew
#
and
he
could
see
the
gasometer-s
in
Levens Road gasworks
#
0
silhouette-d
by
a
ball
of
flame
behind
them
#
and
his
house
was
a
couple
of
street-s
behind
that
#
I
could
see
him
now
#
and
I
really
you
know
admire-d
the
man
there
you
know
#
0
sitting
there
#
I
mean
his
wife
was
there
and
his
child
#
and
I
went
over
in
the
other
boat
#
and
ehm
down
below
they
='re
play-ing
card
#
they
was
all
cockney-s
#
and
they
had
the
light
on
#
they
='re
play-ing
card-s
and
all
the
rest
of
it
#
and
they
could-n't
care
less
#
so
I
stay-ed
there
#
it
was
a
bit
more
cheerful
#
and
in
the
end
uh
Fred Smith
come
over
#
0
got
me
#
I
thought
thought
#
something
happen-ed
to
me
#
'cause
I
was
so
long
#
so
we
took
the
water
back
#
0
made
tea
#
and
it
we
='d
got
too
bad
then
#
so
I
forgot
the
time
of
the
night
#
0
it
was
#
but
we
cut
and
run
#
and
we
went
down
below
to
Plumstead
#
and
0
moor-ed
up
there
#
and
next
day
'e
came
in
up
#
which
was
the
Sunday
#
it
was
ehm
like
a
scene
from
H. G. Wells'
uh
Things to Come
after
the
war
#
you
could-n't
see
any
sign
of
life
on
the
shore
#
I
mean
#
as
far
as
we
='re
concern-ed
%
we
were
the
only
people
alive
#
and
smoke
and
barge-s
drift-ing
about
everywhere
#
and
uh
then
#
as
we
pass-ed
Woolwich
%
we
='d
just
see
a
lorry
#
0
go-ing
on
%
#
'cause
I
think
#
it
='s
Church Road
#
it
='s
up
high
at
Woolwich
#
and
we
went
back
to
Blackwall Pier
#
and
we
tie-d
up
#
and
then
we
walk-ed
home
#
'cause
Jim Chew
live-d
in
this
general
direction
#
which
I
did
#
and
uh
we
part-ed
#
and
#
as
I
walk-ed
down
Slimmer's Road
#
and
at
the
bottom
mi
grandmother='s
turning
there
='s
Rosenblatt='s
uh
Jewish
baker-s
#
that
was
flat
#
and
uh
0
walk-ed
'round
the
corner
#
and
0
uh
knock-ed
at
my
own
house
#
and
I
could
hear
them
#
0
cry-ing
indoors
#
'cause
they
did-n't
know
#
what
happen-ed
to
me
#
and
uh
that
was
it
#
but
mi
grandmother
was
there
mi
father='s
mother
#
she
='d
been
bomb-ed
out
from
Culloden Street
#
and
ehm
that
was
the
start
of
the
blitz
#
and
ehm
'course
of
a
night-time
we
ehm
we
had
no
shelter
#
we
were
privileged
in
the
sense
#
that
my
father
had
bought
a
second-hand
Ford
car
before
the
war
#
I
forget
#
what
one
it
was
the
old
straight-backed
one
#
I
think
#
sixty
pound
it
cost
#
and
the
milkman
taught
him
#
how
0
to
drive
#
and
there
was
no
driving test
at
the
time
#
and
uh
mi
father
used
to
get
very
aerate-d
if
you
ag--
agitate-d
#
and
uh
first
day
#
0
we
went
out
%
he
used
to
wear
his
stiff
celluloid
collar
#
uh
he
did-n't
have
a
bowler hat
no
or
nothing
but
the
stiff
celluloid
collar
#
and
all
the
neighbours
='d
stand
out
#
and
the
milkman
with
his
wife
and
mother
and
four
children
in
the
car
#
and
'course
he
did-n't
give
it
enough
throttle
#
and
he
kept
along
the
street
#
he
was
getting
more
and
more
agitate-d
along
the
street
#
then
because
of
the
car
we
had
a
side entry
down
the
bottom
#
and
he
built
a
bit
of
a
lean-to
#
that
was
a
garage
#
so
we
had
no
room
#
0
to
put
an
Anderson shelter
#
at
that
time
there
were
no
they
did
have
shelter-s
#
0
you
could
put
inside
underneath
the
table
steel
steel mesh
#
so
we
was
all
in
the
family shelter
next
door
the
Loveland-s
so
husband
and
wife
#
and
he
had-n't
work-ed
for
year-s
#
he
was
gassed
in
the
First World War
#
and
who--
0
had
sort
of
form
of
palsy
#
and
we
could
hear
this
ratting
his
on
his
gas mask case
#
and
yes
#
after
he
came
out
of
the
war
Loveland
after
the
First World War
%
and
he
start-ed
#
0
deteriorating
#
'cause
he
was
gassed
#
the
men
carried
him
#
for
as
long
as
they
could
0
#
they
carried
him
for
year-s
#
he
was
a
stoker
in
the
gasworks
#
till
they
could-n't
cover
him
anymore
#
and
'course
0
never
work-ed
after
that
#
he
had
two
children
two
boy-s
and
a
a
girl
#
and
'course
we
were
all
stuck
in
this
Anderson shelter
#
and
Iris
was
a
baby
in
arm-s
#
and
that
was
it
#
and
uh
then
#
when
thing-s
got
bad
%
uh
my
aunt
her
nerve
went
#
and
she
went
down
to
Woodford
#
which
is
only
a
part
of
London
#
but
there
was
no
bombing
there
at
Woodford
#
and
uh
they
used
to
go
down
there
every
night
#
and
then
mi
mother
went
there
#
and
uh
I
start-ed
#
0
go-ing
down
there
#
but
then
you
sort
of
got
immune
to
it
#
and
uh
we
went
into
the
shelter
#
0
belong-ing
to
a
family
the
Stamp-s
#
in
fact
th--
th--
the
grandson
was
Terence Stamp
the
actor
#
if
you
='d
like
#
0
to
hear
about
that
family
[INT]
#
let's
leave
that
for
another
occasion
shall we
#
yeah
anyway
we
='re
in
Stamp-s'
0
#
there
='s
Bobby Stamp
#
he
had
one
eye
%
uh
and
Johnny Stamp
and
his
sister
#
his
father
was
a
donkeyman
#
he
went
to
sea
#
and
uh
so
there
was
room
in
this
shelter
#
and
we
used
to
go
over
there
#
and
uh
then
#
when
the
intensity
of
the
bombing
decline-d
%
we
uh
just
used
to
stay
in
bed
and
in
#
and
then
you
just
would-n't
uh
take
notice
of
it
#
you
just
got
immune
to
it
but
the
beginning
[INT]
#
what
what
sort
of
work
were
you
do-ing
through
this
period
#
well
0
just
do-ing
mi
normal
work
#
but
also
ehm
we
did
a
night
m--
mine patrol
once
a
week
#
various
lighterage firm-s
share-d
it
#
and
we
got
paid
a
payment
but
an
overtime payment
#
but
it
was
compulsory
#
so
that
ehm
#
as
they
start-ed
#
0
dropping
mine-s
like
the
acoustic
mine-s
there
up
the
river
%
%
you
had
#
the
uh
minesweeper-s
used
to
go
up
and
down
#
H. P. Herbert
used
to
serve
on
those
on
the
Water Gypsy
#
but
the
lighterage tug
used
to
patrol
the
section-s
of
the
river
v--
#
0
to
stop
them
#
0
land-ing
#
0
coming
down
on
parachute
#
and
0
report
them
#
and
you
were-n't
allow-ed
any
navigation light-s
#
which
a
bit
hairy
#
except
when
there
='s
full
moon
#
when
you
could
see
well
#
and
then
they
would
allow
you
little
navigation light-s
#
but
they
were
were
screen-ed
#
and
similarly
with
the
bridge-s
the
bridge-s
of
a
night-time
they
='re
got
two
orange
light-s
#
which
='d
signify
the
middle
of
the
working
arch
#
so
there
might
be
two
or
three
arch-es
like
that
#
but
'course
they
were
eh
hood-ed
#
and
they
were
very
hard
#
0
to
see
#
and
uh
so
everybody
just
did
their
normal
work
in
in
the
blitz
#
you
went
to
work
#
and
you
came
home
#
and
#
if
it
='s
firefighting
#
that
='d
be
on
%
0
go
up
to
the
roof
incendiary
bomb-s
along
the
street
#
uh
because
they
could-n't
get
to
it
#
and
ehm
that
was
#
until
they
m--
made
explosive
incendiaries
#
and
then
of
course
it
was
dangerous
#
they
='re
more
dangerous
then
#
#
when
you
went
#
0
to
tackle
incendiary
bomb
%
it
='d
explode
#
but
in
the
first
instance
they
='d
just
come
down
in
cluster-s
#
and
you
could
ehr
get
a
stirrup pump
#
or
0
dowse
them
with
sand
with
the
stirrup pump-s
#
and
then
the
s--
the
street
itself
we
organise
our
own
voluntary
uh
watch
of
a
night-time
a
fire-watch
#
and
we
did
two
hour-s
#
and
I
used
to
go
with
mi
father
#
and
then
someone
else
would
come
along
#
and
0
relieve
you
#
and
then
we
='d
go
through
the
night
like
that
#
they
did
try
and
f--
#
they
they
did
fetch
in
compulsory
fire-watching
at
factories
#
but
my
father
was
a
a
socialist
#
and
also
he
detest-ed
Morrison
#
because
Morrison
was
a
conch
in
the
First World War
#
and
ehm
#
when
they
said
#
he
had
to
go
and
fire-watch
at
a
factory
over
in
Mile End
somewhere
%
%
he
said
#
I
='m
not
#
he
said
#
I
='ll
go
prison
#
he
said
#
no
conchy
='s
gonna
tell
me
#
what
0
to
do
#
that
='s
it
#
and
he
would-n't
#
but
we
did
the
fire-watching
in
the
street
#
so
that
ehm
life
carried
on
more
or
less
as
normal
#
you
just
did
your
work
#
and
uh
#
if
there
='s
an
air raid
%
you
was
disturb-ed
at
night
#
that
was
it
#
and
you
went
to
work
next
morning
#
wherever
it
was
#
uh
by
that
time
there
was
very
little
work
in
the
dock-s
for
docker-s
and
stevedore-s
#
my
mother='s
brother-s
were
gone
lorry-driving
and
thing-s
like
that
#
and
then
later
on
of
course
#
when
they
got
the
emergency port-s
of
eh
Mersea
and
ehm
Loch Ryan
and
Gurrock
%
they
ehm
ask-ed
for
them
#
0
to
volunteer
#
0
to
go
and
work
in
these
port-s
#
and
they
went
to
various
place-s
#
my
uncle
John
went
down
to
Cardiff
I
know
down
there
#
0
work-ing
as
a
stevedore
#
but
uh
there
was
still
a
bit
of
lighterage
#
uh
although
in
the
first
incident
#
when
the
ship-s
could-n't
get
through
E-boat alley
#
'cause
it
='s
much
too
much
too
dangerous
on
the
east coast
%
%
ehm
they
start-ed
#
0
making
the
tug crew-s
a
week
on
the
labour
a
week
off
#
so
you
was
a
week
on
labour
a
week
off
#
and
ehm
the
the
lightermen
of
course
they
was
on
the
eh
labour
all
the
time
#
excuse me
it
was
still
a
reserved
occupation
#
and
ehm
then
a
few
ship-s
start-ed
#
0
coming
through
#
and
then
they
start-ed
#
0
fetch-ing
stuff
through
Bristol
#
and
0
piping
oil
up
across
to
to
Windsor
and
place
like
that
#
so
uh
our
small
tug
#
'cause
there
was
two
st--
#
what
they
call
dock tug-s
%
the
Varlet
and
the
Vassal
#
uh
0
colloquially
know-n
as
tosher-s
#
not
those
two
but
that
type
of
tug
up
to
eighty
horsepower
was
call-ed
a
tosher
its
nickname
#
just
a
two-man
crew
a
skipper
and
a
mate
#
uh
and
they
would
do
the
work
#
when
they
='re
not
tow-ing
in
the
dock
#
and
0
perhaps
come
out
#
and
0
tow
up
the
creek
and
back
in
the
dock
again
#
but
one
of
those
went
on
the
long
run
and
that
from
upriver
down
to
Teddington
#
and
we
did
go
up
#
and
0
pick
craft
up
from
Teddington
#
and
0
work
#
so
there
was
the
work
did
spring
up
again
#
as
far
as
lighterage
was
concern-ed
%
but
not
to
the
same
extent
#
and
ehm
#
0
getting
towards
the
end
of
my
two
year-s
#
when
you
are
an
unlicenced
apprentice
%
the
ehm
labour master
Sid Stayden
old
Sid Stayden
ehm
said
#
right
we
='ll
have
to
get
you
#
0
driving
#
because
you
='re
suppose-d
to
have
experience
#
0
driving
under
oar-s
#
when
you
went
up
for
your
test
#
and
uh
so
there
were-n't
many
driving job-s
#
he
give
us
he
gave
us
gave
me
one
#
I
went
with
a
chap
#
and
we
was
gonna
drive
out
of
Chelsea Creek
#
and
0
go
up
to
Hammersmith
#
but
by
the
time
#
we
go
outside
%
the
boat
was
wait-ing
for
us
#
and
there
='s
another
one
#
where
we
was
go-ing
to
drive
up
to
the
Victoria Dock
%
up
along
to
Rotherhithe
#
but
once
again
we
was
only
gone
f--
f--
about
half
a
mile
#
and
the
tug
pick-ed
us
up
#
but
of
course
#
when
you
went
up
for
your
two-s
%
you
had
to
say
#
that
ehm
you
had
experience
#
of
0
driving
under
oar-s
#
I
had
0
but
not
enough
#
but
then
of
course
they
ask-ed
you
question-s
about
set-s
of
tide-s
and
thing-s
like
that
#
and
uh
it
was
quite
eh
awe-inspiring
the
uh
Watermen's Hall
#
it
='s
very
old
hall
#
and
all
the
court
would
be
sit
berobe-d
#
a
little
high
table
in
front
of
the
window
#
and
you
='d
go
in
with
your
master
in
this
instance
my
father
#
0
apprentice-d
to
mi
father
#
and
ehm
then
the
boy
had
to
step
forward
#
and
they
='d
address
you
as
the
boy
#
and
various
members
of
the
court
ask-ed
you
question-s
#
#
if
you
you
fail-ed
the
test
%
your
master
could
ask
f--
for
them
#
0
to
get
a
barge
#
#
whether
they
did
it
in
wartime
%
I
don't
know
but
pre-war
#
and
you
would
drive
the
barge
under
oar-s
with
the
beadle
of
the
company
#
0
row-ing
behind
#
0
to
observe
your
performance
#
but
uh
it
never
came
to
that
#
I
got
my
two-year
licence
#
uh
and
then
I
went
as
a
lighterman
on
the
craft
then
#
the
last
part
of
my
first
two
year-s
ehm
I
went
'round
to
#
what
they
call-ed
the
New Wharf
#
it
was
a
railway wharf
up
Bow Creek
by
Canning Town Bridge
#
which
ehm
was
the
headquarter-s
if
you
like
#
it
was
our
reporting place
for
the
lightermen
of
Volkins
#
'cause
we
contract-ed
for
the
LNER
#
which
had
that
wharf
there
#
and
ehm
so
the
boy
would
be
there
#
and
you
='d
get
sent
out
#
0
to
assist
lightermen
#
but
you
='d
mainly
at
the
wharf
#
0
sweep-ing
up
barge-s
and
thing-s
like
that
#
but
#
once
you
got
your
two-s
%
you
was
out
on
your
own
then
#
you
were
at
a
less-er
rate
than
the
freemen
#
uh
certain
restriction-s
on
night work
#
uh
but
ehm
to
all
intent-s
and
purpose-s
you
work-ed
as
a
freeman
#
and
#
because
pre-war
they
='d
tend-ed
to
use
a
lot
of
apprentice-s
#
'cause
they
was
cheap
#
#
as
the
union-s
got
more
power
%
it
it
impose-d
a
quota
of
apprentice-s
to
the
number
of
freemen
#
0
a
firm
could
have
and
[INT]
#
#
when
was
that
then
%
that
the
regulation-s
specific
regulation-s
were
brought
in
#
ehm
it
was
a
I
suppose
about
nineteen thirty-nine
nineteen forty
#
as
they
='s
they
was
getting
more
power
#
I
could-n't
say
exactly
#
but
ehm
it
start-ed
#
similarly
'round
about
that
time
they
='d
got
meal hour-s
#
0
paid
for
%
the
lightermen
#
because
eh
lightermen
you
could
say
tow
up
#
and
to
the
New Wharf
for
instance
we
past
twelve
#
you
='ve
had
no
lunch
#
and
they
='ll
say
#
right
well
that
one
='s
gotta
go
out
you
see
#
and
'course
it
='s
the
tide
#
so
that
ehm
the
men
#
when
they
felt
their
feet
warm
#
I
mean
#
they
='ve
come
out
of
the
depression
%
eh
they
start-ed
#
0
refusing
#
0
to
do
that
#
and
then
they
='ve
brought
a
meal hour
in
#
so
you
could
change
straight
over
#
eh
and
you
='d
get
paid
for
an
hour='s
overtime
#
and
but
#
as
soon
as
you
='d
finish-ed
that
second
job
%
now
you
had
to
have
your
meal hour
#
charge-d
for
a
meal
#
but
it
did-n't
work
out
that
way
so
much
#
ehm
you
could
come
out
the
Victoria Dock
#
and
you
='d
miss-ed
the
boat
#
0
go-ing
up
#
and
you
='d
be
stuck
at
out
on
Victoria Dock buoy
#
the
only
way
#
0
to
get
ashore
%
is
by
watermen
#
the
watermen
by
that
time
were
very
few
and
far
between
particularly
in
the
war
#
or
you
='d
get
a
police-boat
#
0
to
put
you
ashore
#
and
you
used
to
get
#
I
think
#
it
='s
half
a
crown
#
it
was
the
waterage fee
#
and
you
either
gave
it
to
the
police-boat
or
the
watermen
#
or
#
someone
stepped
you
ashore
%
then
you
just
walk-ed
in
#
and
that
was
yours
0
#
but
#
if
you
could-n't
get
ashore
%
you
='re
just
stuck
there
#
well
#
as
far
as
you
was
concern-ed
%
you
was
coming
out
#
you
was
gonna
tow
up
somewhere
#
and
you
='d
get
ashore
#
but
you
would
be
stuck
there
#
and
you
='d
have
nothing
nothing
#
0
0
to
eat
or
drink
#
you
might
be
there
for
six
hour-s
time
the
boat
#
#
if
he
='d
gone
right
up
along
%
0
wait-ed
for
it
#
0
to
come.INF
along
#
0
t--
t--
to
pick
you
up
#
I
mean
you
got
paid
did-n't you
#
if
you
did
that
#
but
you
had
nothing
#
0
0
to
eat
or
drink
#
and
that
was
it
and
ehm
a
sandwich
#
you
='d
take
a
sandwich
with
you
in
your
pocket
#
and
that
was
it
#
all
#
0
you
had
in
the
barge='s
cabin
%
was
a
stove
#
and
I
don't
know
#
if
the
museum
='s
got
a
b--
a
barge stove
#
but
they
are
a
particular
stove
#
they
='re
peculiar
to
barge-s
in
the
shape
of
them
#
and
the
front
was
open
#
and
#
0
to
start
the
fire
%
you
made
a
blower
yourself
out
of
newspaper
#
so
it
was
rectangular
stove
#
and
then
it
conical
at
the
top
#
and
then
your
funnel
went
up
generally
to
the
deck level
#
now
this
would
be
incline-d
to
be
smoky
#
so
#
if
you
got
a
rattan mat
%
you
='d
make
an
extension
to
your
funnel
with
a
rattan mat
or
cardboard
anything
like
that
#
0
to
to
give
it
sort
of
a
bit
of
draught
#
so
there
was
the
bar-s
at
the
bottom
for
the
fire
#
and
then
it
was
just
open
at
the
top
#
and
you
='d
put
newspaper
around
the
rim
#
and
0
get
it
tight
#
and
0
make
a
blower
from
that
#
and
it
='d
take
the
smoke
away
#
and
0
get
your
your
fire
#
0
go-ing
properly
#
coal
was
not
provide-d
in
that
instance
#
you
used
to
pinch
your
coal
#
#
when
you
got
alongside
a
coal barge
%
you
coal-ed
the
barge
up
#
then
it
became
a
question
of
ehm
#
and
you
had
the
uh
the
stove
the
fire
in
the
the
cabin
and
then
the
locker
#
which
was
just
a
wooden
bench
#
ri--
if
you
visualize
#
that
the
Huddis plate-s
the
the
configuration
of
the
barge
slope-d
down
forward
and
aft
#
w--
aft
the
cabin
was
always
aft
#
and
they
='d
matchline
the
cabin
a
bit
#
and
then
in
between
the
two
if
you
like
artificial
wall-s
uh
they
would
be
the
locker-s
#
so
there
='d
be
a
bench
#
and
#
although
most
of
the
barge-s
did-n't
have
a
locker
underneath
%
it
st--
carried
the
name
on
#
when
it
used
to
be
a
sort
of
a
cupboard
underneath
there
#
and
this
is
#
where
you
stay-ed
#
and
the
lifebelt
on
the
barge
was
a
round
pillow shape
#
and
'course
you
would
use
that
for
a
pillow
#
if
you
was
sleep-ing
aboard
the
barge
#
eh
the
cabin-s
were-n't
unpleasant
#
except
if
you
got
a
barge
#
that
0
was
rat-infested
#
then
you
could
you
could
smell
them
#
you
could
hear
them
#
you
could
see
the
rat dropping-s
everywhere
#
and
then
you
could
uh
smell
them
#
and
uh
smell-s
like
that
you
never
forget
#
you
can
describe
it
#
and
it
='s
similar
when
#
0
go-ing
back
to
my
childhood
%
#
when
we
had
the
shop
#
and
when
thing-s
were
still
a
bit
hard
#
people
used
to
let
room-s
out
#
and
we
had
a
young
couple
#
0
let
a
room
out
to
them
#
and
ehm
I
don't
think
#
they
was
very
clean
#
'cause
I
remember
#
mi
father
come
into
our
bedroom
once
#
0
look-ing
over
the
wall
#
I
I
did-n't
know
#
what
he
was
look-ing
for
#
it
was
bug-s
#
and
uh
#
when
this
couple
finally
move-d
%
well
in
fact
we
want-ed
the
room
#
because
we
were
grow-ing
up
by
then
#
and
uh
we
went
in
#
and
#
where
the
bed
had
been
on
the
far
window
%
uh
we
start-ed
#
0
stripping
the
wallpaper
%
my
brother
and
I
#
and
there
was
a
mess
of
bug-s
#
we
was
shovelling
them
up
#
and
0
running
them
down
#
and
I
tell
you
#
I
know
#
what
the
a
bug
smell-s
like
or
a
bug infestation
#
but
I
could-n't
describe
it
#
not
'cause
it
='s
indescribable
#
it
='s
#
like
try-ing
#
to
describe
uh
the
difference
between
roast
potatoes
uh
roast
chicken
and
and
uh
apple pie
#
it
it
='s
difficult
#
so
with
a
rat-infested
barge
you
smelt
it
#
as
soon
as
you
went
on
#
and
some
barge-s
it
don't
matter
#
how
often
they
were
fumigate-d
#
and
they
would
fumigate
them
#
ehm
when
they
went
on
the
barge yard
#
uh
they
they
would
come
back
again
the
rat-s
#
and
uh
0
live
aboard
the
barge
#
and
that
was
that
#
so
that
was
aft
#
your
cabin
was
aft
#
and
down
forward
#
because
there
was
no
toilet
%
was
#
where
you
found
the
brown-handled
knives
#
so
you
='d
either
have
a
piece
of
sacking
#
and
you
went
to
the
toilet
there
#
and
you
would
throw
it
overboard
#
but
#
if
you
did-n't
have
sacking
or
newspaper
%
then
of
course
it
was
left
there
and
until
such
time-s
#
when
she
went
in
the
barge yard
for
the
overhaul
#
and
then
the
barge repairer-s
and
the
barge builder-s
they
clean-ed
it
out
#
but
uh
that
was
the
forward
#
on
the
tug
they
had
a
toilet
#
but
ehm
you
were-n't
allow-ed
to
use
it
the
lighterman
just
for
the
crew
yeah
#
and
ehm
#
if
you
='s
ehm
tow-ing
up
behind
the
barge
uh
behind
the
tug
%
as
I
say
the
lighterman
could
go
aboard
for
a
cup
of
tea
#
and
that
was
it
#
that
was
your
lot
#
ehm
so
that
in
lighterage
you
learnt
in
the
first
instance
#
by
0
be-ing
with
people
%
as
a
two-year boy
#
and
then
you
were
on
your
own
#
you
still
learnt
#
I
I
learnt
quite
a
lot
#
by
0
sitting
#
and
0
listen-ing
#
now
men
eh
eh
docker-s
and
stevedore-s
='ll
say
#
that
lightermen
and
and
and
probably
working
men
in
general
they
always
talk
about
work
#
that
was
their
main
topic
of
conversation
#
work
then
then
women
uh
then
betting
and
sport
and
way
way
down
#
and
#
after
television
came
in
%
television
became
the
prime
'un
#
and
ehm
the
work
went
down
one
#
and
then
everything
was
downgrad-ed
one
then
in
that
order
of
priority
#
but
you
could
sit
#
and
0
listen
#
and
the
men
='d
be
describing
an
experience
#
and
there
was
a
couple
thing-s
#
0
I
learnt
%
#
which
amongst
other-s
ehm
help-ed
me
in
late-r
time
#
and
then
0
remember
once
one
of
them
#
0
say-ing
#
that
='s
#
when
he
was
coming
out
of
Barking Creek
%
%
#
the
wind
into
the
creek
was
strong-er
than
the
tide
#
and
the
barge
#
0
be-ing
a
light
barge
empty
barge
%
it
was
catch-ing
wind
more
#
and
ehm
the
lighterman
just
got
some
grating-s
from
out
of
the
barge
#
0
tie-d
them
to
the
light
#
and
0
dropped
them
overboard
and
that
#
few
grating-s
in
the
tide
counterbalance-d
the
wind
#
and
out
she
went
#
and
uh
another
one
was
another
bad
place
was
the
eastern
basin
of
the
London Dock
#
it
='s
the
wall-s
#
the
quay wall-s
were
high
#
you
='d
come
into
the
Shadwell entrance
#
and
then
0
go
through
into
the
East India Dock
#
0
get
lock-ed
up
#
and
then
you
had
to
shoot
across
#
0
try
and
get
way
with
barge
#
barge-s
used
to
be
equipped
with
a
pair
of
paddle-s
#
that
was
the
oar-s
%
and
a
hitcher
#
which
a
long
long
boat pole
with
a
hook
on
it
#
but
the
paddle-s
came
from
Sweden
#
and
of
course
through
the
war
they
dried
up
#
and
they
were
a
few
and
far
between
#
so
we
was
down
then
#
to
what
they
call-ed
fingernail lighterage
#
you
='d
use
your
fingernail-s
#
so
that
#
when
you
came
out
of
that
lock
in
the
Shadwell Basin
#
0
to
go
past
the
East India Dock
%
%
you
used
to
try
and
get
as
much
way
across
you
#
0
to
trade
across
#
there
='s
peculiarity
of
the
wind
there
sometimes
#
you
get
in
the
middle
#
and
you
just
go
'round
and
'round
#
and
ehm
I
'member
someone
#
0
tell-ing
me
once
#
that
uh
0
got
the
funnel
from
the
stove
#
which
was
cast iron
#
and
they
were
chain-ed
#
they
broke
the
chain
#
0
tie-d
the
end
to
the
rope
#
and
0
just
dropped
0
down
the
forward
and
that
#
and
0
pull-ed
it
either
side
#
and
it
got
a
bit
of
way
on
the
barge
again
#
0
to
get
that
way
#
so
you
learnt
#
by
0
do-ing
thing-s
#
and
you
learnt
#
by
0
listen-ing
#
and
and
0
watch-ing
other-s
#
then
you
got
like
a
thing
like
that
#
oh
another
one
was
#
that
ehm
with
a
tug
sometimes
you
got
a
terrific
wind
#
if
you
had
a
terrific
wind
#
and
you
would
round
#
you
always
round
into
the
tide
#
the
tide
was
yo--
act
as
a
brake
#
uh
sometimes
you
could-n't
get
downhead
to
the
wind
#
#
if
you
went
'round
stern
first
full
speed
%
you
could
come
back
#
to
where
you
want
#
0
to
#
but
that
that
='s
another
thing
#
that
0
we
='re
in
good
stead
with
later
on
#
when
I
was
in
the
army
#
and
ehm
so
I
got
mi
two-s
#
and
then
shortly
after
that
ehm
I
became
a
registered
man
#
because
in
the
first
two
year-s
you
were
unregistered
#
although
the
scheme
come
in
nineteen forty-one
#
so
#
shortly
before
I
got
my
two-s
%
the
scheme
start-ed
#
and
I
became
a
registered
man
#
and
ehm
I
belong-ed
to
a
yorth
youth organization
Young Christian Workers
#
0
was
a
catholic
worker-s'
organisation
#
and
uh
I
='d
been
elect-ed
national
president
#
and
then
the
national
secretary
they
could-n't
get
him
#
0
reserve-d
#
and
he
='d
gone
into
the
army
#
Pats
Patrick Keegan
he
was
a
Wiggan
hod
#
and
ehm
they
ask-ed
me
#
if
I
='d
go
#
so
I
went
in
the
June
of
nineteen forty-two
to
Liverpool
#
and
uh
I
was
national
secretary
#
0
used
to
edit
the
magazine
#
and
uh
0
deal
with
the
correspondence
#
0
arrange
conference-s
and
whatnot
until
December
#
and
they
could-n't
get
m--
m--
me
#
0
reserve-d
also
#
0
thought
#
I
='d
come
out
of
reserved
occupation
#
and
uh
I
was
call-ed
up
#
and
0
join-ed
the
East Lancs
for
the
six
week-s
initial
training
at
the
camp
at
Blundell Sands
#
it
='d
been
a
holiday camp
#
and
uh
once
again
it
was
about
December
winter
#
and
uh
oh
it
was
freezing
#
there
was
no
heating
in
these
flimsy
chalet-s
#
and
there
was
uh
three
men
to
a
chalet
#
and
we
did
our
initial
training
there
#
and
there
was
a
a
chap
there
#
who
was
a
bus driver
#
he
came
out
of
the
backwoods
if
you
like
in
Lancashire
#
and
I
had
to
cover
for
him
#
I
remember
#
we
we
went
to
his
place
#
and
uh
he
kept
getting
stomach
cra--
cramp
#
and
we
thought
#
he
was
swing-ing
the
lead
#
the
doctor
said
#
he
was
swing-ing
lead
#
but
the
poor
bugger
had
perforated
ulcer-s
#
he
told
them
#
when
he
came
in
the
army
%
#
he
had
ulcer-s
#
and
the
doctor
gets
more
towards
#
he
='s
swing-ing
lead
#
and
uh
he
went
one
day
#
0
report-ed
sick
#
and
he
spew-ed
up
black
#
and
they
rush-ed
him
to
hospital
#
and
he
was
dead
within
about
a
few
hour-s
in
the
army
#
and
uh
so
that
='s
our
six
week-s
training
there
at
Blundell Sands
#
and
then
you
you
went
to
the
various
regiment-s
according
to
your
trade
or
your
inclination
#
'cause
they
had
this
uh
psychologist
#
0
did
the
test
#
and
uh
I
went
into
the
Royal Engineers
the
lighterage
#
and
then
0
went
down
to
Cardiff
just
outside
Cardiff
by
Llandaff Cathedral
for
the
sapper='s
training
you
know
in
demolition
and
stuff
like
that
#
and
then
from
that
I
went
up
to
the
Surrey Docks
#
there
was
Nissen hut-s
#
0
put
in
the
Surrey Docks
for
the
IWT Inland Water Transport section
of
the
Engineers
#
and
ehm
from
there
after
the
initial
training
0
went
up
to
Cairnryan
to
the
army camp-s
there
#
'cause
that
was
a
military port
by
then
#
and
ehm
the
thing
#
0
I
remember
from
there
may--
more
than
anything
else
%
was
the
fact
#
that
the
water
came
out
of
the
tap-s
brown
#
it
was
peat
#
first
I
met
this
#
and
the
fact
#
that
ehm
#
0
be-ing
Adams
A
in
the
alphabet
%
I
always
got
put
first
into
thing-s
#
and
once
#
and
this
is
no
exaggeration
%
I
went
to
three
different
unit-s
in
three
day-s
#
we
was
with
the
Engineers
#
and
we
were
sent
to
an
artesian works company
couple
of
camp-s
down
before
#
but
that
last
night
I
was
on
fire picket duty
for
the
night
security duty
the
next
night
#
and
then
we
march-ed
'round
the
loch
#
0
to
join
the
company
#
0
we
were
gonna
form
%
PFB company
#
and
I
was
on
guard
the
first
night
again
three
night-s
on
the
trot
#
that
was
that
#
0
be-ing
A
#
so
that
ehm
we
='s
just
sort
of
general
duties
there
#
and
then
we
form-ed
this
Port Floating Equipment company
969 PFE
#
and
we
went
to
Cairnryan
#
now
from
Cairnryan
we
went
'round
to
a
headland
#
but
the
near-est
place
was
the
Isle of Whittle
#
it
='s
on
the
Mull of Galloway
#
and
eh
a
bay
near
us
Rigg Bay
we
start-ed
the
secret
experiment-s
for
the
Mulberry Harbour
#
and
the
first
one
was
the
the
first
idea
rather
was
great
big
concrete
cassoin-s
the
floating
barge-s
#
which
would
be
flood-ed
%
with
a
road
#
0
go-ing
between
them
#
and
they
got
pioneer-s
#
0
winch-ing
this
roadway
up
and
down
#
and
this
was
too
cumbersome
#
and
they
abandon-ed
it
#
but
then
they
use-d
these
cassoin-s
as
breakwater-s
in
Rigg Bay
#
because
it
r--
really
used
to
be
fierce
there
the
weather
on
the
Scottish
coast
#
and
uh
then
they
hit
on
the
idea
with
the
pontoon-s
#
0
support-ing
flexible
bridging
#
which
was
the
main
thing
#
and
uh
#
when
they
decide-d
#
this
was
#
what
they
was
gonna
use
%
%
%
ehm
we
then
move-d
down
to
the
Isle of Wight
#
and
we
start-ed
#
0
train-ing
on
this
stuff
#
#
'cause
we
was
afloat
%
we
got
up
the
Navy='s
nose
#
because
they
see
and
they
said
no
#
they
were
gonna
tow
them
across
to
France
#
and
#
when
their
bod-s
came
%
#
and
0
look-ed
at
them
%
they
said
#
we
='re
not
gonna
go
next
#
'cause
it
was
just
a
section
of
floating
roadway
six
span-s
on
pontoon-s
#
which
were
not
facing
the
direction
of
port
but
athwart
across
the
direction
of
port
#
0
rest-ing
on
it
#
and
then
there
be.PST.3SG
NC
a
great
big
spurt
and
a
bang
in
the
water
#
and
the
pierman
#
who
be.PST.3SG
employ-PTCP.PRS
by
the
PLA
%
3SG.M
say.PST
#
well
oh
3SG.N
=be.PRS.3SG
a
lot
of
thing-PL
#
0_things
drop.PTCP.PST
in
there
#
oh
crumb-PL
what
=be.PRS.3SG
PROX.SG
mind
of
3SG.N.OBL
#
then
once
again
the
as
as
1SG
as
1SG
say.PST
with
the
the
skipper
1SG
be.PST.1SG
shock-PTCP.PST
#
because
3SG.M
do.PST-NEG
go.INF
after
the
barge-PL
#
but
#
when
the
safety
of
3PL.POSS
boat
be.PST.3SG
concern-PTCP.PST
%
and
3SG.M
=would
say.INF
#
alright
1PL
can.NEG
lay.INF
here
#
1PL
can.NEG
leave.INF
the
boat
#
which
3PL
could
=have.INF
do.PTCP.PST
no_one
#
0_they
to
blame.INF
3PL.OBL
#
so
1PL
up.PST
#
1PL
all
cast.PST
off
#
and
1PL
all
go.PST
1PL.POSS
way-PL
#
or
1PL.POSS
other
boat
be.PST.3SG
there
by
DIST.SG
time
the
Vanuk
#
and
Percy_Green
be.PST.3SG
the
skipper
#
eh
no
no
Percy_Green
be.PST.3SG
the
mate
still
then
#
and
Stan_Terson
be.PST.3SG
the
skipper
#
and
1PL
run.PST
down
to
Knights_Roads
#
which
be.PST.3SG
abreast
of
Lyalls
#
where
the
Victoria_Dock
be.PRS.3SG
#
and
uh
1SG
say.PRS
and
the
German-PL
come.PST
back
#
and
uh
1PL
be.PST.3SG
in
a
silly
position
really
#
but
ehm
3PL
hang.PST
on
there
#
and
the
bomb-PL
be.PST
drop.PTCP.PRS
close
#
and
1PL
could
see.INF
the
dock
#
a
absolute
ball
of
flame
silhouette-PTCP.PST
against
the
air
#
and
uh
and
there
=be.PST.3SG
on
1PL.POSS
boat
1PL
have.PST
the
scuttle
open
the
scuttle
#
which
be.PST.3SG
the
sliding
hatchway
to
the
after_cabin
#
and
there
be.PST.3SG
the
Scotsman
#
0_Scotsman
sit.PTCP.PRS
there
#
0_Scotsman
rock-PTCP.PRS
back
and
forwards
with
3SG.M.POSS
son
in
the
dark
#
0_Scotman
would-NEG
have.INF
the
light
on
#
and
the
mate
and
the
skipper
be.PST.3SG
sit.PTCP.PRS
up
on
the
wheelbox
and
DIST.SG
#
and
uh
1PL
know.PST
#
1PL
have.PST
no
water
#
so
1SG
say.PST
#
well
1SG
=be.PRS.1SG
go-PTCP.PRS
across
on
the
other
boat
for
water
#
which
1SG
do.PST
do.INF
#
and
1SG
look-PST
up
at
the
skipper
Uncle_Jim_Chow
#
and
3SG.M
could
see.INF
the
gasometer-PL
in
Levens_Road_gasworks
#
0_gasometers
silhouette-PTCP.PST
by
a
ball
of
flame
behind
3PL.OBL
#
and
3SG.M.POSS
house
be.PST.3SG
a
couple
of
street-PL
behind
DIST.SG
#
1SG
could
see.INF
3SG.M.OBL
now
#
and
1SG
really
2SG
know.PRS
admire-PST
the
man
there
2SG
know.PRS
#
0_Jim_Chew
sit.PTCP.PRS
there
#
1SG
mean.PRS
3SG.M.POSS
wife
be.PST.3SG
there
and
3SG.M.POSS
child
#
and
1SG
go.PST
over
in
the
other
boat
#
and
ehm
down
below
3PL
=be.PRS
play-PTCP.PRS
card
#
3PL
be.PST.3SG
all
cockney-PL
#
and
3PL
have.PST
the
light
on
#
3PL
=be.PRS
play-PTCP.PRS
card-PL
and
all
the
rest
of
3SG.N.OBL
#
and
3PL
could-NEG
care.INF
less
#
so
1SG
stay-PST
there
#
3SG.N
be.PST.3SG
a
bit
more
cheerful
#
and
in
the
end
uh
Fred_Smith
come.PST
over
#
0_Fred_Smith
get.PST
1SG.OBL
#
1SG
think.PST
think.PST
#
something
happen-PST
to
1SG.OBL
#
because
1SG
be.PST.1SG
so
long
#
so
1PL
take.PST
the
water
back
#
0_we
make.PST
tea
#
and
3SG.N
1PL
=have.PST
get.PTCP.PST
too
bad
then
#
so
1SG
forget.PST
the
time
of
the
night
#
0_time
3SG.N
be.PST.3SG
#
but
1PL
cut.PST
and
run.INF
#
and
1PL
go.PST
down
below
to
Plumstead
#
and
0_we
moor-PST
up
there
#
and
next
day
1PL
come.PST
in
up
#
which
be.PST.3SG
the
Sunday
#
3SG.N
be.PST.3SG
ehm
like
a
scene
from
H_G_Wells=POSS
uh
Things_to_Come
after
the
war
#
2SG
could-NEG
see.INF
any
sign
of
life
on
the
shore
#
1SG
mean.PRS
#
as
far
as
1PL
=be.PST
concern-PTCP.PST
%
1PL
be.PST
the
only
people
alive
#
and
smoke
and
barge-PL
drift-PTCP.PRS
about
everywhere
#
and
uh
then
#
as
1PL
pass-PST
Woolwich
%
1PL
=would
just
see.INF
a
lorry
#
0_lorry
go-PTCP.PRS
on
%
#
because
1SG
think.PRS
#
3SG.N
=be.PST.3SG
Church_Road
#
3SG.N
=be.PST.3SG
up
high
at
Woolwich
#
and
1PL
go.PST
back
to
Blackwall_Pier
#
and
1PL
tie-PST
up
#
and
then
1PL
walk-PST
home
#
because
Jim_Chew
live-PST
in
PROX.SG
general
direction
#
which
1SG
do.PST
#
and
uh
1PL
part-PST
#
and
#
as
1SG
walk-PST
down
Slimmers_Road
#
and
at
the
bottom
1SG.POSS
grandmother=POSS
turning
there
=be.PST.3SG
Rosenblatt=POSS
uh
Jewish
baker-PL
#
DIST.SG
be.PST.3SG
flat
#
and
uh
0_I
walk-PST
around
the
corner
#
and
0_I
uh
knock-PST
at
1SG.POSS
own
house
#
and
1SG
could
hear.INF
3PL.OBL
#
0_family
cry-PTCP.PRS
indoors
#
because
3PL
do.PST-NEG
know.INF
#
what
happen-PST
to
1SG.OBL
#
and
uh
DIST.SG
be.PST.3SG
3SG.N.OBL
#
but
1SG.POSS
grandmother
be.PST.3SG
there
1SG.POSS
father=POSS
mother
#
3SG.F
=have.PST
be.PTCP.PST
bomb-PTCP.PST
out
from
Culloden_Street
#
and
ehm
DIST.SG
be.PST.3SG
the
start
of
the
blitz
#
and
ehm
of_course
of
a
night_time
1PL
ehm
1PL
have.PST
no
shelter
#
1PL
be.PST
privileged
in
the
sense
#
that
1SG.POSS
father
have.PST
buy.PST
a
second_hand
Ford
car
before
the
war
#
1SG
forget.PRS
#
what
one
3SG.N
be.PST.3SG
the
old
straight_backed
one
#
1SG
think.PRS
#
sixty
pound
3SG.N
cost.PST
#
and
the
milkman
teach.PST
3SG.M.OBL
#
how
0_father
to
drive.INF
#
and
there
be.PST.3SG
no
driving_test
at
the
time
#
and
uh
1SG.POSS
father
used
to
get.INF
very
aerate-PCTP.PST
if
2SG
NC
agitate-PCTP.PST
#
and
uh
first
day
#
0_day
1PL
go.PST
out
%
3SG.M
used
to
wear.INF
3SG.M.POSS
stiff
celluloid
collar
#
uh
3SG.M
do.PST-NEG
have.INF
a
bowler_hat
no
or
nothing
but
the
stiff
celluloid
collar
#
and
all
the
neighbours
=would
stand.INF
out
#
and
the
milkman
with
3SG.M.POSS
wife
and
mother
and
four
child.PL
in
the
car
#
and
of_course
3SG.M
do.PST-NEG
give.INF
3SG.N
enough
throttle
#
and
3SG.M
keep.PST
along
the
street
#
3SG.M
be.PST.3SG
get.PTCP.PRS
more
and
more
agitate-PTCP.PST
along
the
street
#
then
because
of
the
car
1PL
have.PST
a
side_entry
down
the
bottom
#
and
3SG.M
build.PST
a
bit
of
a
lean_to
#
DIST.SG
be.PST.3SG
a
garage
#
so
1PL
have.PST
no
room
#
0_we
to
put.INF
an
Anderson_shelter
#
at
DIST.SG
time
there
be.PST
no
3PL
do.PST
have.INF
shelter-PL
#
0_shelters
2SG
could
put.INF
inside
underneath
the
table
steel
steel_mesh
#
so
1PL
be.PST.3SG
all
in
the
family_shelter
next
door
the
Loveland-PL
so
husband
and
wife
#
and
3SG.M
have.PST-NEG
work-PST
for
year-PL
#
3SG.M
be.PST.3SG
gas.PTCP.PST
in
the
First_World_War
#
and
who
0_Loveland
have.PST
sort
of
form
of
palsy
#
and
1PL
could
hear.INF
PROX.SG
ratting
3SG.M.POSS
on
3SG.M.POSS
gas_mask_case
#
and
yes
#
after
3SG.M
come.PST
out
of
the
war
Loveland
after
the
First_World_War
%
and
3SG.M
start-PST
#
0_Loveland
deteriorate.PTCP.PRS
#
because
3SG.M
be.PST.3SG
gas.PTCP.PST
#
the
man.PL
carry.PST
3SG.M.OBL
#
for
as
long
as
3PL
could
0_Loveland
#
3PL
carry.PST
3SG.M.OBL
for
year-PL
#
3SG.M
be.PST.3SG
a
stoker
in
the
gasworks
#
until
3PL
could-NEG
cover.INF
3SG.M.OBL
anymore
#
and
of_course
0_Loveland
never
work-PST
after
DIST.SG
#
3SG.M
have.PST
two
child.PL
two
boy-PL
and
a
a
girl
#
and
of_course
1PL
be.PST
all
stuck
in
PROX.SG
Anderson_shelter
#
and
Iris
be.PST.3SG
a
baby
in
arm-PL
#
and
DIST.SG
be.PST.3SG
3SG.N.OBL
#
and
uh
then
#
when
thing-PL
get.PST
bad
%
uh
1SG.POSS
aunt
3SG.F.POSS
nerve
go.PST
#
and
3SG.F
go.PST
down
to
Woodford
#
which
be.PRS.3SG
only
a
part
of
London
#
but
there
be.PST.3SG
no
bombing
there
at
Woodford
#
and
uh
3PL
used
to
go.INF
down
there
every
night
#
and
then
1SG.POSS
mother
go.PST
there
#
and
uh
1SG
start-PST
#
0_I
go-PTCP.PRS
down
there
#
but
then
2SG
sort
of
get.PST
immune
to
3SG.N.OBL
#
and
uh
1PL
go.PST
into
the
shelter
#
0_shelter
belong-PTCP.PRS
to
a
family
the
Stamps-PL
#
in
fact
NC
NC
the
grandson
be.PST.3SG
Terence_Stamp
the
actor
#
if
2SG
=would
like.INF
#
0_you
to
hear.INF
about
DIST.SG
family
[INT]
#
HORT
leave.INF
DIST.SG
for
another
occasion
TAG
#
yeah
anyway
1PL
=be.PST
in
Stamp-PL.POSS
0_shelter
#
there
=be.PST.3SG
Bobby_Stamp
#
3SG.M
have.PST
one
eye
%
uh
and
Johnny_Stamp
and
3SG.M.POSS
sister
#
3SG.M.POSS
father
be.PST.3SG
a
donkeyman
#
3SG.M
go.PST
to
sea
#
and
uh
so
there
be.PST.3SG
room
in
PROX.SG
shelter
#
and
1PL
used
to
go.INF
over
there
#
and
uh
then
#
when
the
intensity
of
the
bombing
decline-PST
%
1PL
uh
just
used
to
stay.INF
in
bed
and
in
#
and
then
2SG
just
would-NEG
uh
take.INF
notice
of
3SG.N.OBL
#
2SG
just
get.PST
immune
to
3SG.N.OBL
but
the
beginning
[INT]
#
what
what
sort
of
work
be.PST
2SG
do-PTCP.PRS
through
PROX.SG
period
#
well
0_I
just
do-PTCP.PRS
1SG.POSS
normal
work
#
but
also
ehm
1PL
do.PST
a
night
NC
mine_patrol
once
a
week
#
various
lighterage_firm-PL
share-PST
3SG.N.OBL
#
and
1PL
get.PST
pay.PTCP.PST
a
payment
but
an
overtime_payment
#
but
3SG.N
be.PST.3SG
compulsory
#
so
that
ehm
#
as
3PL
start-PST
#
0_they
drop.PTCP.PRS
mine-PL
like
the
acoustic
mine-PL
there
up
the
river
%
%
2SG
have.PST
#
the
uh
minesweeper-PL
used
to
go.INF
up
and
down
#
H_P_Herbert
used
to
serve.INF
on
DIST.PL
on
the
Water_Gypsy
#
but
the
lighterage_tug
used
to
patrol.INF
the
section-PL
of
the
river
NC
#
0_tugs
to
stop.INF
3PL.OBL
#
0_they
land.PTCP.PRS
#
0_they
come.PTCP.PRS
down
on
parachute
#
and
0_tugs
report.INF
3PL.OBL
#
and
2SG
be.PST-NEG
allow-PTCP.PST
any
navigation_light-PL
#
which
a
bit
hairy
#
except
when
there
=be.PST.3SG
full
moon
#
when
2SG
could
see.INF
well
#
and
then
3PL
would
allow.INF
2SG
little
navigation_light-PL
#
but
3PL
be.PST
be.PST
screen-PTCP.PST
#
and
similarly
with
the
bridge-PL
the
bridge-PL
of
a
night_time
3PL
=be.PRS
get.PTCP.PST
two
orange
light-PL
#
which
=would
signify.INF
the
middle
of
the
working
arch
#
so
there
might
be.INF
two
or
three
arch-PL
like
DIST.SG
#
but
of_course
3PL
be.PST
eh
hood-PTCP.PST
#
and
3PL
be.PST
very
hard
#
0_lamps
to
see.INF
#
and
uh
so
everybody
just
do.PST
3PL.POSS
normal
work
in
in
the
blitz
#
2SG
go.PST
to
work
#
and
2SG
come.PST
home
#
and
#
if
3SG.N
=be.PST.3SG
firefighting
#
DIST.SG
=would
be.INF
on
%
0_you
go.INF
up
to
the
roof
incendiary
bomb-PL
along
the
street
#
uh
because
3PL
could-NEG
get.INF
to
3SG.N.OBL
#
and
ehm
DIST.SG
be.PST.3SG
#
until
3PL
NC
make.PST
explosive
incendiary.PL
#
and
then
of
course
3SG.N
be.PST.3SG
dangerous
#
3PL
=be.PST
more
dangerous
then
#
#
when
2SG
go.PST
#
0_you
to
tackle.INF
incendiary
bomb
%
3SG.N
=would
explode.INF
#
but
in
the
first
instance
3PL
=would
just
come.INF
down
in
cluster-PL
#
and
2SG
could
ehr
get.INF
a
stirrup_pump
#
or
0_you
dowse.INF
3PL.OBL
with
sand
with
the
stirrup_pump-PL
#
and
then
the
NC
the
street
itself
1PL
organise.PST
1PL.POSS
own
voluntary
uh
watch
of
a
night_time
a
fire_watch
#
and
1PL
do.PST
two
hour-PL
#
and
1SG
used
to
go.INF
with
1SG.POSS
father
#
and
then
someone
else
would
come.INF
along
#
and
0_they
relieve.INF
2SG
#
and
then
1PL
=would
go.INF
through
the
night
like
DIST.SG
#
3PL
do.PST
try.INF
and
NC
#
3PL
3PL
do.PST
fetch.INF
in
compulsory
fire_watching
at
factory.PL
#
but
1SG.POSS
father
be.PST.3SG
a
a
socialist
#
and
also
3SG.M
detest-PST
Morrison
#
because
Morrison
be.PST.3SG
a
conch
in
the
First_World_War
#
and
ehm
#
when
3PL
say.PST
#
3SG.M
have.PST
to
go.INF
and
fire_watch.INF
at
a
factory
over
in
Mile_End
somewhere
%
%
3SG.M
say.PST
#
1SG
=be.PRS.1SG
not
#
3SG.M
say.PST
#
1SG
=will
go.INF
prison
#
3SG.M
say.PST
#
no
conchy
=be.PRS.3SG
go.PTCP.PRS.to
tell.INF
1SG.OBL
#
what
0_father
to
do.INF
#
DIST.SG
=be.PST.3SG
3SG.N.OBL
#
and
3SG.M
would-NEG
#
but
1PL
do.PST
the
fire_watching
in
the
street
#
so
that
ehm
life
carry.PST
on
more
or
less
as
normal
#
2SG
just
do.PST
2SG.POSS
work
#
and
uh
#
if
there
=be.PST.3SG
an
air_raid
%
2SG
be.PST.3SG
disturb-PTCP.PST
at
night
#
DIST.SG
be.PST.3SG
3SG.N.OBL
#
and
2SG
go.PST
to
work
next
morning
#
wherever
3SG.N
be.PST.3SG
#
uh
by
DIST.SG
time
there
be.PST.3SG
very
little
work
in
the
dock-PL
for
docker-PL
and
stevedore-PL
#
1SG.POSS
mother=POSS
brother-PL
be.PST
go.PTCP.PST
lorry_drive.PTCP.PST
and
thing-PL
like
DIST.SG
#
and
then
later
on
of
course
#
when
3PL
get.PST
the
emergency_port-PL
of
eh
Mersea
and
ehm
Loch_Ryan
and
Gurrock
%
3PL
ehm
ask-PST
for
3PL.OBL
#
0_they
to
volunteer.INF
#
0_they
to
go.INF
and
work.INF
in
PROX.PL
port-PL
#
and
3PL
go.PST
to
various
place-PL
#
1SG.POSS
uncle
John
go.PST
down
to
Cardiff
1SG
know.PRS
down
there
#
0_John
work-PTCP.PST
as
a
stevedore
#
but
uh
there
be.PST.3SG
still
a
bit
of
lighterage
#
uh
although
in
the
first
incident
#
when
the
ship-PL
could-NEG
get.INF
through
E_boat_alley
#
because
3SG.N
=be.PST.3SG
much
too
much
too
dangerous
on
the
east_coast
%
%
ehm
3PL
start-PST
#
0_they
make.PTCP.PRS
the
tug_crew-PL
a
week
on
the
labour
a
week
off
#
so
2SG
be.PST.3SG
a
week
on
labour
a
week
off
#
and
ehm
the
the
lighterman.PL
of
course
3PL
be.PST.3SG
on
the
eh
labour
all
the
time
#
excuse_me
3SG.N
be.PST.3SG
still
a
reserved
occupation
#
and
ehm
then
a
few
ship-PL
start-PST
#
0_ships
come.PTCP.PRS
through
#
and
then
3PL
start-PST
#
0_they
fetch-PTCP.PRS
stuff
through
Bristol
#
and
0_they
pipe.PTCP.PRS
oil
up
across
to
to
Windsor
and
place
like
DIST.SG
#
so
uh
1PL.POSS
small
tug
#
because
there
be.PST.3SG
two
NC
#
what
3PL
call.PRS
dock_tug-PL
%
the
Varlet
and
the
Vassal
#
uh
0
colloquially
know-PTCP.PST
as
tosher-PL
#
not
DIST.PL
two
but
DIST.SG
type
of
tug
up
to
eighty
horsepower
be.PST.3SG
call-PTCP.PST
a
tosher
3SG.N.POSS
nickname
#
just
a
two_man
crew
a
skipper
and
a
mate
#
uh
and
3PL
would
do.INF
the
work
#
when
3PL
=be.PRS
not
tow-PTCP.PRS
in
the
dock
#
and
0_they
perhaps
come.INF
out
#
and
0_they
tow.INF
up
the
creek
and
back
in
the
dock
again
#
but
one
of
DIST.PL
go.PST
on
the
long
run
and
DIST.SG
from
upriver
down
to
Teddington
#
and
1PL
do.PST
go.INF
up
#
and
0_we
pick.INF
craft
up
from
Teddington
#
and
0_we
work.INF
#
so
there
be.PST.3SG
the
work
do.PST
spring.INF
up
again
#
as
far
as
lighterage
be.PST.3SG
concern-PTCP.PST
%
but
not
to
the
same
extent
#
and
ehm
#
0_I
get.PTCP.PRS
towards
the
end
of
1SG.POSS
two
year-PL
#
when
2SG
be.PRS
an
unlicenced
apprentice
%
the
ehm
labour_master
Sid_Stayden
old
Sid_Stayden
ehm
say.PST
#
right
1PL
=will
have.INF
to
get.INF
2PL
#
0_I
drive.PTCP.PRS
#
because
2SG
=be.PRS
suppose-PTCP.PST
to
have.INF
experience
#
0_you
drive.PTCP.PRS
under
oar-PL
#
when
2SG
go.PST
up
for
2SG.POSS
test
#
and
uh
so
there
be.PST-NEG
many
driving_job-PL
#
3SG.M
give.PST
1PL.OBL
3SG.M
give.PST
1PL.OBL
give.PST
1SG.OBL
one
#
1SG
go.PST
with
a
chap
#
and
1PL
be.PST.3SG
go.PTCP.PRS.to
drive.INF
out
of
Chelsea_Creek
#
and
0_we
go.INF
up
to
Hammersmith
#
but
by
the
time
#
1PL
go.PRS
outside
%
the
boat
be.PST.3SG
wait.PTCP.PRS
for
1PL.OBL
#
and
there
=be.PST.3SG
another
one
#
where
1PL
be.PST.3SG
go-PTCP.PRS
to
drive.INF
up
to
the
Victoria_Dock
%
up
along
to
Rotherhithe
#
but
once
again
1PL
be.PST.3SG
only
go.PTCP.PST
NC
NC
about
half
a
mile
#
and
the
tug
pick-PST
1PL.OBL
up
#
but
of
course
#
when
2SG
go.PST
up
for
2SG.POSS
two-PL
%
2SG
have.PST
to
say.INF
#
that
ehm
2SG
have.PST
experience
#
of
0_you
drive.PTCP.PRS
under
oar-PL
#
1SG
have.PST
0_experience
but
not
enough
#
but
then
of
course
3PL
ask-PST
2SG
question-PL
about
set-PL
of
tide-PL
and
thing-PL
like
DIST.SG
#
and
uh
3SG.N
be.PST.3SG
quite
eh
awe_inspiring
the
uh
Watermen's_Hall
#
3SG.N
=be.PRS.3SG
very
old
hall
#
and
all
the
court
would
be.INF
sit.INF
berobe-PTCP.PST
#
a
little
high
table
in
front
of
the
window
#
and
2SG
=would
go.INF
in
with
2SG.POSS
master
in
PROX.SG
instance
1SG.POSS
father
#
0_I
apprentice-PTCP.PST
to
1SG.POSS
father
#
and
ehm
then
the
boy
have.PST
to
step.INF
forward
#
and
3PL
=would
address.INF
2SG
as
the
boy
#
and
various
members
of
the
court
ask-PST
2SG
question-PL
#
#
if
2SG
2SG
fail-PST
the
test
%
2SG.POSS
master
could
ask.INF
NC
for
3PL.OBL
#
0_they
to
get.INF
a
barge
#
#
whether
3PL
do.PST
3SG.N.OBL
in
wartime
%
1SG
do.PRS.NEG
know.INF
but
pre_war
#
and
2SG
would
drive.INF
the
barge
under
oar-PL
with
the
beadle
of
the
company
#
0_beadle
row-PTCP.PRS
behind
#
0_beadle
to
observe.INF
2SG.POSS
performance
#
but
uh
3SG.N
never
come.PST
to
DIST.SG
#
1SG
get.PST
1SG.POSS
two_year
licence
#
uh
and
then
1SG
go.PST
as
a
lighterman
on
the
craft
then
#
the
last
part
of
1SG.POSS
first
two
year-PL
ehm
1SG
go.PST
around
to
#
what
3PL
call-PST
the
New_Wharf
#
3SG.N
be.PST.3SG
a
railway_wharf
up
Bow_Creek
by
Canning_Town_Bridge
#
which
ehm
be.PST.3SG
the
headquarter-PL
if
2SG
like
#
3SG.N
be.PST.3SG
1PL.POSS
reporting_place
for
the
lighterman.PL
of
Volkins
#
because
1PL
contract-PST
for
the
LNER
#
which
have.PST
DIST.SG
wharf
there
#
and
ehm
so
the
boy
would
be.INF
there
#
and
2SG
=would
get.INF
send.PTCP.PST
out
#
0_you
to
assist.INF
lighterman.PL
#
but
2SG
=would
mainly
at
the
wharf
#
0_you
sweep-PTCP.PRS
up
barge-PL
and
thing-PL
like
DIST.SG
#
but
#
once
2SG
get.PST
2SG.POSS
two-PL
%
2SG
be.PST.3SG
out
on
2SG.POSS
own
then
#
2SG
be.PST
at
a
less-CMPR
rate
than
the
freeman.PL
#
uh
certain
restriction-PL
on
night_work
#
uh
but
ehm
to
all
intent-PL
and
purpose-PL
2SG
work-PST
as
a
freeman
#
and
#
because
pre_war
3PL
=have.PST
tend-PTCP.PST
to
use.INF
a
lot
of
apprentice-PL
#
because
3PL
be.PST.3SG
cheap
#
#
as
the
union-PL
get.PST
more
power
%
3SG.N
3SG.N
impose-PST
a
quota
of
apprentice-PL
to
the
number
of
freeman.PL
#
0_freemen
a
firm
could
have.INF
and
[INT]
#
#
when
be.PST.3SG
DIST.SG
then
%
that
the
regulation-PL
specific
regulation-PL
be.PST
bring.PTCP.PST
in
#
ehm
3SG.N
be.PST.3SG
a
1SG
suppose
about
nineteen_thirty-nine
nineteen_forty
#
as
3PL
=be.PST.3SG
3PL
be.PST.3SG
get.PTCP.PRS
more
power
#
1SG
could-NEG
say.INF
exactly
#
but
ehm
3SG.N
start-PST
#
similarly
around
about
DIST.SG
time
3PL
=have.PST
get.PTCP.PST
meal_hour-PL
#
0_meal_hours
pay.PTCP.PST
for
%
the
lighterman.PL
#
because
eh
lighterman.PL
2SG
could
say.INF
tow.INF
up
#
and
to
the
New_Wharf
for
instance
1PL
past
twelve
#
2SG
=have.PRS
have.PTCP.PST
no
lunch
#
and
3PL
=will
say.INF
#
right
well
DIST.SG
one
=be.PRS.3SG
go.PTCP.PRS.to
go.INF
out
2SG
see.PRS
#
and
of_course
3SG.N
=be.PST.3SG
the
tide
#
so
DIST.SG
ehm
the
man.PL
#
when
3PL
feel.PST
3PL.POSS
foot.PL
warm
#
1SG
mean.PRS
#
3PL
=have.PRS
come.INF
out
of
the
depression
%
eh
3PL
start-PST
#
0_men
refuse.PTCP.PRS
#
0_men
to
do.INF
DIST.SG
#
and
then
3PL
=have.PTS
bring.PTCP.PST
a
meal_hour
in
#
so
2SG
could
change.INF
straight
over
#
eh
and
2SG
=would
get.INF
pay.PTCP.PST
for
an
hour=POSS
overtime
#
and
but
#
as
soon
as
2SG
=have.PST
finish-PTCP.PST
DIST.SG
second
job
%
now
2SG
have.PST
to
have.INF
2SG.POSS
meal_hour
#
charge-PTCP.PST
for
a
meal
#
but
3SG.N
do.PST-NEG
work.INF
out
DIST.SG
way
so
much
#
ehm
2SG
could
come.INF
out
the
Victoria_Dock
#
and
2SG
=have.PST
miss-PTCP.PST
the
boat
#
0_boat
go-PTCP.PRS
up
#
and
2SG
=would
be.INF
stick.PTCP.PST
at
out
on
Victoria_Dock_.buoy
#
the
only
way
#
0_way
to
get.INF
ashore
%
be.PRS.3SG
by
waterman.PL
#
the
waterman.PL
by
DIST.SG
time
be.PST
very
few
and
far
between
particularly
in
the
war
#
or
2SG
=would
get.INF
a
police_boat
#
0_police_boat
to
put.INF
2SG
ashore
#
and
2SG
used
to
get.INF
#
1SG
think.PRS
#
3SG.N
=be.PST.3SG
half
a
crown
#
3SG.N
be.PST.3SG
the
waterage_fee
#
and
2SG
either
give.PST
3SG.N.OBL
to
the
police_boat
or
the
waterman.PL
#
or
#
someone
step.PST
2SG
ashore
%
then
2SG
just
walk-PST
in
#
and
DIST.SG
be.PST.3SG
2SG.POSS
0
#
but
#
if
2SG
could-NEG
get.INF
ashore
%
2SG
=be.PRS
just
stick.PTCP.PST
there
#
well
#
as
far
as
2SG
be.PST.3SG
concern-PTCP.PST
%
2SG
be.PST.3SG
come.PTCP.PRS
out
#
2SG
be.PST.3SG
go.PTCP.PRS.to
tow.INF
up
somewhere
#
and
2SG
=would
get.INF
ashore
#
but
2SG
would
be.INF
stick.PTCP.PST
there
#
and
2SG
=would
have.INF
nothing
nothing
#
0_nothing
0_you
to
eat.INF
or
drink.INF
#
2SG
might
be.INF
there
for
six
hour-PL
time
the
boat
#
#
if
3SG.M
=have.PST
go.PTCP.PST
right
up
along
%
0_you
wait-PST
for
3SG.N.OBL
#
0_boat
to
come.INF
along
#
0_boat
NC
NC
to
pick.INF
2SG
up
#
1SG
mean.PRS
2SG
get.PST
pay.PTCP.PST
TAG
#
if
2SG
do.PST
DIST.SG
#
but
2SG
have.PST
nothing
#
0_nothing
0_you
to
eat.INF
or
drink.INF
#
and
DIST.SG
be.PST.3SG
3SG.N.OBL
and
ehm
a
sandwich
#
2SG
=would
take.INF
a
sandwich
with
2SG
in
2SG.POSS
pocket
#
and
DIST.SG
be.PST.3SG
3SG.N.OBL
#
all
#
0_all
2SG
have.PST
in
the
barge=POSS
cabin
%
be.PST.3SG
a
stove
#
and
1SG
do.PRS.NEG
know.INF
#
if
the
museum
=have.PRS.3SG
get.PTCP.PST
a
NC
a
barge_stove
#
but
3PL
be.PRS
a
particular
stove
#
3PL
=be.PRS
peculiar
to
barge-PL
in
the
shape
of
3PL.OBL
#
and
the
front
be.PST.3SG
open
#
and
#
0_you
to
start.INF
the
fire
%
2SG
make.PST
a
blower
2SG.REFL
out
of
newspaper
#
so
3SG.N
be.PST.3SG
rectangular
stove
#
and
then
3SG.N
conical
at
the
top
#
and
then
2SG.POSS
funnel
go.PST
up
generally
to
the
deck_level
#
now
PROX.SG
would
be.INF
incline-PTCP.PST
to
be.INF
smoky
#
so
#
if
2SG
get.PST
a
rattan_mat
%
2SG
=would
make.INF
an
extension
to
2SG.POSS
funnel
with
a
rattan_mat
or
cardboard
anything
like
DIST.SG
#
0_you
to
to
give.INF
3SG.N.OBL
sort
of
a
bit
of
draught
#
so
there
be.PST.3SG
the
bar-PL
at
the
bottom
for
the
fire
#
and
then
3SG.N
be.PST.3SG
just
open
at
the
top
#
and
2SG
=would
put.INF
newspaper
around
the
rim
#
and
0_you
get.INF
3SG.N.OBL
tight
#
and
0_you
make.INF
a
blower
from
DIST.SG
#
and
3SG.N
=would
take.INF
the
smoke
away
#
and
0_funnel
get.INF
2SG.POSS
2SG.POSS
fire
#
0_fire
go-PTCP.PRS
properly
#
coal
be.PST.3SG
not
provide-PTCP.PST
in
DIST.SG
instance
#
2SG
used
to
pinch.INF
2SG.POSS
coal
#
#
when
2SG
get.PST
alongside
a
coal_barge
%
2SG
coal-PST
the
barge
up
#
then
3SG.N
become.PST
a
question
of
ehm
#
and
2SG
have.PST
the
uh
the
stove
the
fire
in
the
the
cabin
and
then
the
locker
#
which
be.PST.3SG
just
a
wooden
bench
#
NC
if
2SG
visualize.PRS
#
that
the
Huddis_plate-PL
the
the
configuration
of
the
barge
slope-PST
down
forward
and
aft
#
NC
aft
the
cabin
be.PST.3SG
always
aft
#
and
3PL
=would
matchline.INF
the
cabin
a
bit
#
and
then
in
between
the
two
if
2SG
like.PRS
artificial
wall-PL
uh
3PL
would
be.INF
the
locker-PL
#
so
there
=would
be.INF
a
bench
#
and
#
although
most
of
the
barge-PL
do.PST-NEG
have.INF
a
locker
underneath
%
3SG.N
NC
carry.PST
the
name
on
#
when
3SG.N
used
to
be.INF
a
sort
of
a
cupboard
underneath
there
#
and
PROX.SG
be.PRS.3SG
#
where
2SG
stay-PST
#
and
the
lifebelt
on
the
barge
be.PST.3SG
a
round
pillow_shape
#
and
of_course
2SG
would
use.INF
DIST.SG
for
a
pillow
#
if
2SG
be.PST.3SG
sleep-PTCP.PRS
aboard
the
barge
#
eh
the
cabin-PL
be.PST-NEG
unpleasant
#
except
if
2SG
get.PST
a
barge
#
that
0_barge
be.PST.3SG
rat_infested
#
then
2SG
could
2SG
could
smell.INF
3PL.OBL
#
2SG
could
hear.INF
3PL.OBL
#
2SG
could
see.INF
the
rat_dropping-PL
everywhere
#
and
then
2SG
could
uh
smell.INF
3PL.OBL
#
and
uh
smell-PL
like
DIST.SG
2SG
never
forget.PRS
#
2SG
can
describe.INF
3SG.N.OBL
#
and
3SG.N
=be.PRS.3SG
similar
when
#
0_I
go-PTCP.PRS
back
to
1SG.POSS
childhood
%
#
when
1PL
have.PST
the
shop
#
and
when
thing-PL
be.PST
still
a
bit
hard
#
people
used
to
let.INF
room-PL
out
#
and
1PL
have.PST
a
young
couple
#
0_we
let.PST
a
room
out
to
3PL.OBL
#
and
ehm
1SG
do.PRS.NEG
think.INF
#
3PL
be.PST.3SG
very
clean
#
because
1SG
remember.PRS
#
1SG.POSS
father
come.PST
into
1PL.POSS
bedroom
once
#
0_father
look-PTCP.PRS
over
the
wall
#
1SG
1SG
do.PST-NEG
know.INF
#
what
3SG.M
be.PST.3SG
look-PTCP.PRS
for
#
3SG.N
be.PST.3SG
bug-PL
#
and
uh
#
when
PROX.SG
couple
finally
move-PST
%
well
in
fact
1PL
want-PST
the
room
#
because
1PL
be.PST
grow-PTCP.PRS
up
by
then
#
and
uh
1PL
go.PST
in
#
and
#
where
the
bed
have.PST
be.PTCP.PST
on
the
far
window
%
uh
1PL
start-PST
#
0_we
strip.PTCP.PRS
the
wallpaper
%
1SG.POSS
brother
and
1SG
#
and
there
be.PST.3SG
a
mess
of
bug-PL
#
1PL
be.PST.3SG
shovel.PTCP.PRS
3PL.OBL
up
#
and
0_we
run.PTCP.PRS
3PL.OBL
down
#
and
1SG
tell.PRS
2SG.OBL
#
1SG
know.PRS
#
what
the
a
bug
smell-PRS
like
or
a
bug_infestation
#
but
1SG
could-NEG
describe.INF
3SG.N.OBL
#
not
because
3SG.N
=be.PRS.3SG
indescribable
#
3SG.N
=be.PRS.3SG
#
like
try-PTCP.PRS
#
to
describe.INF
uh
the
difference
between
roast
potato.PL
uh
roast
chicken
and
and
uh
apple_pie
#
3SG.N
3SG.N
=be.PRS.3SG
difficult
#
so
with
a
rat_infested
barge
2SG
smell.PST
3SG.N.OBL
#
as
soon
as
2SG
go.PST
on
#
and
some
barge-PL
3SG.N
do.PRS.NEG
matter.INF
#
how
often
3PL
be.PST
fumigate-PTCP.PST
#
and
3PL
would
fumigate.INF
3PL.OBL
#
ehm
when
3PL
go.PST
on
the
barge_yard
#
uh
3PL
3PL
would
come.INF
back
again
the
rat-PL
#
and
uh
0_rats
live.PRS
aboard
the
barge
#
and
DIST.SG
be.PST.3SG
DIST.SG
#
so
DIST.SG
be.PST.3SG
aft
#
2SG.POSS
cabin
be.PST.3SG
aft
#
and
down
forward
#
because
there
be.PST.3SG
no
toilet
%
be.PST.3SG
#
where
2SG
find.PST
the
brown_handled
knife.PL
#
so
2SG
=would
either
have.INF
a
piece
of
sacking
#
and
2SG
go.PST
to
the
toilet
there
#
and
2SG
would
throw.INF
3SG.N.OBL
overboard
#
but
#
if
2SG
do.PST-NEG
have.INF
sacking
or
newspaper
%
then
of
course
3SG.N
be.PST.3SG
leave.PTCP.PST
there
and
until
such
time-PL
#
when
3SG.F
go.PST
in
the
barge_yard
for
the
overhaul
#
and
then
the
barge_repairer-PL
and
the
barge_builder-PL
3PL
clean-PST
3SG.N.OBL
out
#
but
uh
DIST.SG
be.PST.3SG
the
forward
#
on
the
tug
3PL
have.PST
a
toilet
#
but
ehm
2SG
be.PST-NEG
allow-PTCP.PST
to
use.INF
3SG.N.OBL
the
lighterman
just
for
the
crew
yeah
#
and
ehm
#
if
2SG
=be.PST.3SG
ehm
tow-PTCP.PRS
up
behind
the
barge
uh
behind
the
tug
%
as
1SG
say.PRS
the
lighterman
could
go.INF
aboard
for
a
cup
of
tea
#
and
DIST.SG
be.PST.3SG
3SG.N.OBL
#
DIST.SG
be.PST.3SG
2SG.POSS
lot
#
ehm
so
that
in
lighterage
2SG
learn.PST
in
the
first
instance
#
by
0_you
be-PTCP.PRS
with
people
%
as
a
two_year_boy
#
and
then
2SG
be.PST
on
2SG.POSS
own
#
2SG
still
learn.PST
#
1SG
1SG
learn.PST
quite
a
lot
#
by
0_I
sit.PTCP.PRS
#
and
0_I
listen-PTCP.PRS
#
now
man.PL
eh
eh
docker-PL
and
stevedore-PL
=will
say.INF
#
that
lighterman.PL
and
and
and
probably
working
man.PL
in
general
3PL
always
talk.PRS
about
work
#
DIST.SG
be.PST.3SG
3PL.POSS
main
topic
of
conversation
#
work
then
then
woman.PL
uh
then
betting
and
sport
and
way
way
down
#
and
#
after
television
come.PST
in
%
television
become.PST
the
prime
one
#
and
ehm
the
work
go.PST
down
one
#
and
then
everything
be.PST.3SG
downgrad-PTCP.PST
one
then
in
DIST.SG
order
of
priority
#
but
2SG
could
sit.INF
#
and
0_you
listen.INF
#
and
the
man.PL
=would
be.INF
describe.PTCP.PRS
an
experience
#
and
there
be.PST.3SG
a
couple
thing-PL
#
0_things
1SG
learn.PST
%
#
which
amongst
other-PL
ehm
help-PST
1SG.OBL
in
late-CMPR
time
#
and
then
0_I
remember.PRS
once
one
of
3PL.OBL
#
0_one
say-PTCP.PRS
#
DIST.SG
=be.PST.3SG
#
when
3SG.M
be.PST.3SG
come.PTCP.PRS
out
of
Barking_Creek
%
%
#
the
wind
into
the
creek
be.PST.3SG
strong-CMPR
than
the
tide
#
and
the
barge
#
0_barge
be-PTCP.PRS
a
light
barge
empty
barge
%
3SG.N
be.PST.3SG
catch-PTCP.PRS
wind
more
#
and
ehm
the
lighterman
just
get.PST
some
grating-PL
from
out
of
the
barge
#
0_lighterman
tie-PST
3PL.OBL
to
the
light
#
and
0_lighterman
drop.PST
3PL.OBL
overboard
and
DIST.SG
#
few
grating-PL
in
the
tide
counterbalance-PST
the
wind
#
and
out
3SG.F
go.PST
#
and
uh
another
one
be.PST.3SG
another
bad
place
be.PST.3SG
the
eastern
basin
of
the
London_Dock
#
3SG.N
=be.PST.3SG
the
wall-PL
#
the
quay_wall-PL
be.PST
high
#
2SG
=would
come.INF
into
the
Shadwell_entrance
#
and
then
0_you
go.INF
through
into
the
East_India_Dock
#
0_you
get.INF
lock-PTCP.PST
up
#
and
then
2SG
have.PST
to
shoot.INF
across
#
0_you
try.INF
and
get.INF
way
with
barge
#
barge-PL
used
to
be.INF
equip.PTCP.PST
with
a
pair
of
paddle-PL
#
DIST.SG
be.PST.3SG
the
oar-PL
%
and
a
hitcher
#
which
a
long
long
boat_pole
with
a
hook
on
3SG.N.OBL
#
but
the
paddle-PL
come.PST
from
Sweden
#
and
of
course
through
the
war
3PL
dry.PST
up
#
and
3PL
be.PST
a
few
and
far
between
#
so
1PL
be.PST.3SG
down
then
#
to
what
3PL
call-PST
fingernail_lighterage
#
2SG
=would
use.INF
2SG.POSS
fingernail-PL
#
so
that
#
when
2SG
come.PST
out
of
DIST.SG
lock
in
the
Shadwell_Basin
#
0_you
to
go.INF
past
the
East_India_Dock
%
%
2SG
used
to
try.INF
and
get.INF
as
much
way
across
2SG
#
0_you
to
trade.INF
across
#
there
=be.PRS.3SG
peculiarity
of
the
wind
there
sometimes
#
2SG
get.PRS
in
the
middle
#
and
2SG
just
go.PRS
around
and
around
#
and
ehm
1SG
remember.PRS
someone
#
0_someone
tell-PTCP.PRS
1SG.OBL
once
#
that
uh
0_someone
get.PST
the
funnel
from
the
stove
#
which
be.PST.3SG
cast_iron
#
and
3PL
be.PST
chain-PTCP.PST
#
3PL
break.PST
the
chain
#
0_someone
tie-PST
the
end
to
the
rope
#
and
0_someone
just
drop.PST
0_that
down
the
forward
and
DIST.SG
#
and
0_someone
pull-PST
3SG.N.OBL
either
side
#
and
3SG.N
get.PST
a
bit
of
way
on
the
barge
again
#
0_it
to
get.INF
DIST.SG
way
#
so
2SG
learn.PST
#
by
0_you
do-PTCP.PRS
thing-PL
#
and
2SG
learn.PST
#
by
0_you
listen-PTCP.PRS
#
and
and
0_you
watch-PTCP.PRS
other-PL
#
then
2SG
get.PST
like
a
thing
like
DIST.SG
#
oh
another
one
be.PST.3SG
#
that
ehm
with
a
tug
sometimes
2SG
get.PST
a
terrific
wind
#
if
2SG
have.PST
a
terrific
wind
#
and
2SG
would
round.INF
#
2SG
always
round.PRS
into
the
tide
#
the
tide
be.PST.3SG
NC
act.PST
as
a
brake
#
uh
sometimes
2SG
could-NEG
get.INF
downhead
to
the
wind
#
#
if
2SG
go.PST
around
stern
first
full
speed
%
2SG
could
come.INF
back
#
to
where
2SG
want.PRS
#
0_you
to
#
but
DIST.SG
DIST.SG
=be.PST.3SG
another
thing
#
that
0_thing
1PL
=be.PST
in
good
stead
with
later
on
#
when
1SG
be.PST.1SG
in
the
army
#
and
ehm
so
1SG
get.PST
1SG.POSS
two-PL
#
and
then
shortly
after
DIST.SG
ehm
1SG
become.PST
a
registered
man
#
because
in
the
first
two
year-PL
2SG
be.PST
unregistered
#
although
the
scheme
come.PST
in
nineteen_forty-one
#
so
#
shortly
before
1SG
get.PST
1SG.POSS
two-PL
%
the
scheme
start-PST
#
and
1SG
become.PST
a
registered
man
#
and
ehm
1SG
belong-PST
to
a
NC
youth_organization
Young_Christian_Workers
#
0_that
be.PST.3SG
a
catholic
worker-PL.POSS
organisation
#
and
uh
1SG
=have.PST
be.PTCP.PST
elect-PTCP.PST
national
president
#
and
then
the
national
secretary
3PL
could-NEG
get.INF
3SG.M.OBL
#
0_secretary
reserve-PTCP.PST
#
and
3SG.M
=have.PST
go.PTCP.PST
into
the
army
#
Pats
Patrick_Keegan
3SG.M
be.PST.3SG
a
Wiggan
hod
#
and
ehm
3PL
ask-PST
1SG.OBL
#
if
1SG
=would
go.INF
#
so
1SG
go.PST
in
the
June
of
nineteen_forty-two
to
Liverpool
#
and
uh
1SG
be.PST.1SG
national
secretary
#
0_I
used
to
edit.INF
the
magazine
#
and
uh
0_I
deal.INF
with
the
correspondence
#
0_I
arrange.INF
conference-PL
and
whatnot
until
December
#
and
3PL
could-NEG
get.INF
NC
NC
1SG.OBL
#
0_I
reserve-PTCP.PST
also
#
0_I
think.PST
#
1SG
=would
come.INF
out
of
reserved
occupation
#
and
uh
1SG
be.PST.1SG
call-PTCP.PST
up
#
and
0_I
join-PST
the
East_Lancs
for
the
six
week-PL
initial
training
at
the
camp
at
Blundell_Sands
#
3SG.N
=have.PST
be.PTCP.PST
a
holiday_camp
#
and
uh
once
again
3SG.N
be.PST.3SG
about
December
winter
#
and
uh
oh
3SG.N
be.PST.3SG
freezing
#
there
be.PST.3SG
no
heating
in
PROX.PL
flimsy
chalet-PL
#
and
there
be.PST.3SG
uh
three
man.PL
to
a
chalet
#
and
1PL
do.PST
1PL.POSS
initial
training
there
#
and
there
be.PST.3SG
a
a
chap
there
#
who
be.PST.3SG
a
bus_driver
#
3SG.M
come.PST
out
of
the
backwoods
if
2SG
like.PRS
in
Lancashire
#
and
1SG
have.PST
to
cover.INF
for
3SG.M.OBL
#
1SG
remember.PRS
#
1PL
1PL
go.PST
to
3SG.M.POSS
place
#
and
uh
3SG.M
keep.PST
get.PTCP.PRS
stomach
NC
cramp
#
and
1PL
think.PST
#
3SG.M
be.PST.3SG
swing-PTCP.PRS
the
lead
#
the
doctor
say.PST
#
3SG.M
be.PST.3SG
swing-PTCP.PRS
lead
#
but
the
poor
bugger
have.PST
perforated
ulcer-PL
#
3SG.M
tell.PST
3PL.OBL
#
when
3SG.M
come.PST
in
the
army
%
#
3SG.M
have.PST
ulcer-PL
#
and
the
doctor
get-PRS.3SG
more
towards
#
3SG.M
=be.PRS.3SG
swing-PTCP.PRS
lead
#
and
uh
3SG.M
go.PST
one
day
#
0_he
report-PST
sick
#
and
3SG.M
spew-PST
up
black
#
and
3PL
rush-PST
3SG.M.OBL
to
hospital
#
and
3SG.M
be.PST.3SG
dead
within
about
a
few
hour-PL
in
the
army
#
and
uh
so
DIST.SG
=be.PST.3SG
1PL.POSS
six
week-PL
training
there
at
Blundell_Sands
#
and
then
2SG
2SG
go.PST
to
the
various
regiment-PL
according
to
2SG.POSS
trade
or
2SG.POSS
inclination
#
because
3PL
have.PST
PROX.SG
uh
psychologist
#
0_psychologist
do.PST
the
test
#
and
uh
1SG
go.PST
into
the
Royal_Engineers
the
lighterage
#
and
then
0_I
go.PST
down
to
Cardiff
just
outside
Cardiff
by
Llandaff_Cathedral
for
the
sapper=POSS
training
2SG
know.PRS
in
demolition
and
stuff
like
DIST.SG
#
and
then
from
DIST.SG
1SG
go.PST
up
to
the
Surrey_Docks
#
there
be.PST.3SG
Nissen_hut-PL
#
0_huts
put.PTCP.PST
in
the
Surrey_Docks
for
the
IWT_Inland_Water_Transport_section
of
the
Engineers
#
and
ehm
from
there
after
the
initial
training
0_I
go.PST
up
to
Cairnryan
to
the
army_camp-PL
there
#
because
DIST.SG
be.PST.3SG
a
military_port
by
then
#
and
ehm
the
thing
#
0_thing
1SG
remember.PRS
from
there
NC
more
than
anything
else
%
be.PST.3SG
the
fact
#
that
the
water
come.PST
out
of
the
tap-PL
brown
#
3SG.N
be.PST.3SG
peat
#
first
1SG
meet.PST
PROX.SG
#
and
the
fact
#
that
ehm
#
0_I
be-PTCP.PRS
Adams
A
in
the
alphabet
%
1SG
always
get.PST
put.INF
first
into
thing-PL
#
and
once
#
and
PROX.SG
be.PRS.3SG
no
exaggeration
%
1SG
go.PST
to
three
different
unit-PL
in
three
day-PL
#
1PL
be.PST.3SG
with
the
Engineers
#
and
1PL
be.PST
send.PTCP.PST
to
an
artesian_works_company
couple
of
camp-PL
down
before
#
but
DIST.SG
last
night
1SG
be.PST.1SG
on
fire_picket_duty
for
the
night
security_duty
the
next
night
#
and
then
1PL
march-PST
around
the
loch
#
0_we
to
join.INF
the
company
#
0_company
1PL
be.PST
go.PTCP.PRS.to
form.INF
%
PFB_company
#
and
1SG
be.PST.1SG
on
guard
the
first
night
again
three
night-PL
on
the
trot
#
DIST.SG
be.PST.3SG
DIST.SG
#
0_I
be-PTCP.PRS
A
#
so
that
ehm
1PL
=be.PST.3SG
just
sort
of
general
duty.PL
there
#
and
then
1PL
form-PST
PROX.SG
Port_Floating_Equipment_company
969_PFE
#
and
1PL
go.PST
to
Cairnryan
#
now
from
Cairnryan
1PL
go.PST
around
to
a
headland
#
but
the
near-SUPR
place
be.PST.3SG
the
Isle_of_Whittle
#
3SG.N
=be.PST.3SG
on
the
Mull_of_Galloway
#
and
eh
a
bay
near
1PL.OBL
Rigg_Bay
1PL
start-PST
the
secret
experiment-PL
for
the
Mulberry_Harbour
#
and
the
first
one
be.PST.3SG
the
the
first
idea
rather
be.PST.3SG
great
big
concrete
cassoin-PL
the
floating
barge-PL
#
which
would
be.INF
flood-PTCP.PST
%
with
a
road
#
0_road
go-PTCP.PRS
between
3PL.OBL
#
and
3PL
get.PST
pioneer-PL
#
0_pioneers
winch-PTCP.PRS
PROX.SG
roadway
up
and
down
#
and
PROX.SG
be.PST.3SG
too
cumbersome
#
and
3PL
abandon-PST
3SG.N.OBL
#
but
then
3PL
use-PST
PROX.PL
cassoin-PL
as
breakwater-PL
in
Rigg_Bay
#
because
3SG.N
NC
really
used
to
be.INF
fierce
there
the
weather
on
the
Scottish
coast
#
and
uh
then
3PL
hit.PST
on
the
idea
with
the
pontoon-PL
#
0_pontoons
support-PTCP.PRS
flexible
bridging
#
which
be.PST.3SG
the
main
thing
#
and
uh
#
when
3PL
decide-PST
#
PROX.SG
be.PST.3SG
#
what
3PL
be.PST.3SG
go.PTCP.PRS.to
use.INF
%
%
%
ehm
1PL
then
move-PST
down
to
the
Isle_of_Wight
#
and
1PL
start-PST
#
0_we
train-PTCP.PRS
on
PROX.SG
stuff
#
#
because
1PL
be.PST.3SG
afloat
%
1PL
get.PST
up
the
Navy=POSS
nose
#
because
3PL
see.PRS
and
3PL
say.PST
no
#
3PL
be.PST
go.PTCP.PRS.to
tow.INF
3PL.OBL
across
to
France
#
and
#
when
3PL.POSS
bod-PL
come.PST
%
#
and
0_they
look-PST
at
3PL.OBL
%
3PL
say.PST
#
1PL
=be.PST
not
go.PTCP.PRS.to
go.INF
next
#
because
3SG.N
be.PST.3SG
just
a
section
of
floating
roadway
six
span-PL
on
pontoon-PL
#
which
be.PST
not
face.PTCP.PRS
the
direction
of
port
but
athwart
across
the
direction
of
port
#
0_they
rest-PTCP.PRS
on
3SG.N.OBL
##
other
other
other
other:predex
nc
ln_deti
ln_adj
ln_adj
np:s
rn
rn_deti
rn
adp
ln_det
np:l
##
other
ln_det
np.h:dt_s
#rc
rel_pro.h:s
lv_aux
v:pred
adp
ln_det
pn_np:obl
%
pro.h:s_ds
v:pred
##ds
other
other
other
=other:predex
ln
ln_detq
ln
np:s
#
f0:s
vother:pred
adp
other:l
##ds
other
other
intrg_other:pred
=cop
dem_pro:s
other
other
pro:other
##
other
other
other
nc
other
other
other
other
other
other
adp
nc
ln_det
np.h:obl
pro.1:s
cop
other:pred
#ac.neg
adp
pro.h:s
lv_aux
v:pred
adp
ln_det
np:obl
##
other
#ac
adp
ln_det
np:s
rn
rn_pro.h:poss
rn_np
lv_aux
v:pred
%
other
pro.h:s_ds
=lv_aux
v:pred
##ds.neg
other
pro.1:s
lv_aux
v:pred
other:l
##ds.neg
pro.1:a
lv_aux
v:pred
ln_det
np:p
#rc
rel_pro:p
pro.h:a
lv_aux
=lv_aux
v:pred
indef_other.h:other
#cc
f0.h:a
lv
vother:pred
pro.h:p
##
other
pro.1:s
v:pred
##
pro.1:s
other
v:pred
rv
##
other
pro.1:s
other
v:pred
ln_pro.1:poss
np:other
##
other
ln_pro.1:poss
ln_adj
np:s
cop
other:pred_l
adp
ln_dem
np:other
ln_det
pn_np:appos
##
other
pn_np.h:s
cop
ln_det
np.h:pred
##
other
other
other
pn_np.h:s
cop
ln_det
np.h:pred
other
other
##
other
pn_np.h:s
cop
ln_det
np.h:pred
##
other
pro.1:s
v:pred
rv
adp
pn_np:g
#rc
rel_pro:s
cop
adp
adp
pn_np:pred_l
#ac
other:pred_l
ln_det
pn_np:s
cop
##
other
other
other
other
other
ln_det
np.h:s
v:pred
rv
##
other
other
pro.1:s
cop
adp
ln_deti
ln_adj
np:pred_l
other
##
other
other
pro.h:s
v:pred
rv
other:l
##
other
ln_det
np:s
lv_aux
v:pred
other
##
other
pro.1:a
lv_aux
v:pred
ln_det
np:p
#cc:appos
ln_deti
ln_adj
np:s
rn
rn_np
vother:pred
adp
ln_det
np:other
##
other
other
other
nc
nc
adp
ln_pro.1:poss
np:l
pro.1:a
v:pred
ln_det
np:p
other
ln_det
np:appos
#rc
rel_pro:s
cop
ln_det
ln_adj
np:pred
rn_adp
rn_det
rn_np
##
other
other
other:predex
ln_det
np.h:s
#
f0.h:s
vother:pred
other:l
#
f0.h:s
vother:pred
rv
other
rv
adp
ln_pro.h:poss
np.h:obl
adp
ln_det
np:l
##neg
0.h:a
lv_aux
v:pred
ln_det
np:p
other
##
other
ln_det
np.h:s
rn
rn_det
rn_np.h
lv_aux
v:pred
rv
adp
ln_det
np:l
other
other
##
other
other
pro.1:a
v:pred
#cc:p
pro.1:a
v:pred
ln
np:p
##
other
pro.1:s_ds
v:pred
##ds
other
pro.1:s
=lv_aux
v:pred
rv
adp
ln_det
ln_adj
np:g
adp
np:obl
#rc
rel_pro:p
pro.1:a
lv_aux
v:pred
##
other
pro.1:s
v:pred
rv
adp
ln_det
np.h:g
pn_np.h:appos
##
other
pro.h:a
lv_aux
v:pred
ln_det
np:p
rn_adp
rn_pn_np
#
f0:s
vother:pred
adp
ln_deti
np:obl
rn
rn_np
adp
pro.h:l
##
other
ln_pro.h:poss
np:s
cop
ln
ln_detq
ln
ln_np
adp
dem_pro:pred_l
##
pro.1:a
lv_aux
v:pred
pro:p
other
##
other
pro.1:a
other
other
other
v:pred
ln_det
np.h:p
other
other
other
#
f0.h:s
vother:pred
other:l
##
other
other
ln_pro.h:poss
np.h:s
cop
other:pred_l
rn
rn_pro.h:poss
rn_np.h
##
other
pro.1:s
v:pred
rv
adp
ln_det
ln_adj
np:g
##
other
other
other
other
pro.h:s
=lv_aux
v:pred
other:lvc
##
pro.h:s
cop
other
np.h:pred
##
other
pro.h:a
v:pred
ln_det
np:p
rv
##
pro.h:s
=lv_aux
v:pred
other:lvc
other
other
other
other
other
other
##neg
other
pro.h:s
lv_aux
v:pred
other
##
other
pro.1:s
v:pred
other:l
##
pro:s
cop
other
other
other
other:pred
##
other
adp
ln_det
np:other
other
pn_np.h:s
v:pred
rv
##
0.h:a
v:pred
pro.1:p
##
pro.1:a
nc
v:pred
#cc:p
indef_other:s
v:pred
adp
pro.1:obl
#ac
adp
pro.1:s
cop
other
other:pred
##
other
pro.1:a
v:pred
ln_det
np:p
rv
##
0.1:a
v:pred
np:p
##
other
nc
pro.1:s
=lv_aux
cop
other
other:pred
other
##
other
pro.1:a
v:pred
ln_det
np:p
rn
rn_det
rn_np
#rc
rel_0:pred
xpro:s
cop
##
other
pro.1:s
lv
lv
v:pred
##
other
pro.1:s
v:pred
rv
rv
adp
pn_np:g
##
other
0.1:s
v:pred
adp
other:l
##
other
ln_adj
np:other
pro.1:s
v:pred
rv
rv
#rc
rel_pro:s
cop
ln_det
np:pred
##
pro:s
cop
other
adp
ln_deti
np:pred_other
rn_adp
rn_pn_np:poss
other
rn_pn_np
adp
ln_det
np:other
##neg
gen_pro.2:a
lv_aux
v:pred
ln
np:p
rn
rn_np
adp
ln_det
np:l
##
other
other
#ac
other
other
adp
pro.1:s
=lv_aux
v:pred
%
pro.1:s
cop
ln_det
ln_adj
np.h:pred
rn
#
other
np:s
rn
rn_np
vother:pred
rv
indef_other:l
##
other
other
other
#ac
adp
pro.1:a
v:pred
pn_np:p
%
pro.1:a
=lv_aux
other
v:pred
ln_deti
np:p
#
f0:s
vother:pred
rv
%
#ac
adp
pro.1:a
v:pred
#cc:p
pro:s
=cop
pn_np:pred
##
pro:s
=cop
adp
other:pred
adp
pn_np:l
##
other
pro.1:s
v:pred
rv
adp
pn_np:g
##
other
pro.1:s
v:pred
rv
##
other
other
pro.1:s
v:pred
other:g
#ac
adp
pn_np.h:s
v:pred
adp
ln_dem
ln_adj
np:l
#rc
rel_pro:l
pro.1:s
lv_aux
##
other
other
pro.1:s
v:pred
##
other
#ac
adp
pro.1:s
v:pred
adp
pn_np:l
##
other
adp
ln_det
np:l
ln_pro.1:poss
ln_np.h:poss
np:l
other
=other:predex
pn_np:s
other
ln_adj
np.h:appos
##
dem_pro:s
cop
other:pred
##
other
other
0.1:s
v:pred
rv
ln_det
np:l
##
other
0.1:s
other
v:pred
adp
ln_pro.1:poss
ln_adj
np:l
##
other
pro.1:a
lv_aux
v:pred
pro.h:p
#cc:obl
f0.h:s
vother:pred
other
#ac.neg
adp
pro.h:a
lv_aux
v:pred
#cc:p
intrg_other:s
v:pred
adp
pro.1:obl
##
other
other
dem_pro:s
cop
pro:pred
##
other
ln_pro.1:poss
np.h:s
cop
other:pred_l
ln_pro.1:poss
ln_np.h:poss
np.h:appos
##
pro.h:s
=lv_aux
lv_aux
v:pred
rv
adp
pn_np:obl
##
other
other
dem_pro:s
cop
ln_det
np:pred
rn
rn_det
rn_np
##
other
other
other
adp
ln_deti
np:other
nc
other
pro.1:a
v:pred
ln
np:p
##
pro.1:s
cop
other:pred
adp
ln_det
np:other
#cc
other
ln_pro.1:poss
np.h:a
lv_aux
v:pred
ln_deti
ln_adj
ln_adj
np:p
adp
ln_det
np:l
##
pro.1:a
v:pred
#cc:p
ln
num_np:pred
pro:s
cop
ln_det
ln_adj
ln_adj
num_np:appos
##
pro.1:a
v:pred
#cc:p
ln_adj
np:other
pro:s
v:pred
##
other
ln_det
np.h:a
v:pred
pro.h:p
#cc:p2
other
f0.h:s
lv
vother:pred
##
other
other
other:predex
ln
np:s
adp
ln_det
np:other
##
other
other
ln_pro.1:poss
np.h:s
lv_aux
lv
v:pred
other
nc
nc
nc
nc
other
##
other
other
ln_adj
np:other
#rc
rel_0:other
pro.1:s
v:pred
rv
%
pro.h:a
lv_aux
lv
v:pred
ln_pro.h:poss
ln_adj
ln_adj
np:p
##neg
other
pro.h:a
lv_aux
v:pred
ln_deti
np:p
rn
rn
rn
rn
rn_det
rn_adj
rn_adj
rn_np
##
other
ln
ln_det
np.h:s
=lv_aux
v:pred
rv
##
other
ln_det
np.h:s
rn_adp
rn_pro.h:poss
rn_np.h
rn
rn_np.h
rn
rn_num
rn_np.h
adp
ln_det
np:pred_l
##neg
other
other
pro.h:a
lv_aux
v:pred
pro:p
ln_adj
np:p2
#nc
nc
nc_pro.h
nc
nc
nc
nc
##
pro.h:s
lv_aux
v:pred
other
other
other
other
adp
ln_det
np:l
##
other
adp
adp
ln_det
np:other
pro.1:a
v:pred
ln_deti
np:p
adp
ln_det
np:l
##
other
pro.h:a
v:pred
ln
ln_detq
ln
ln_deti
np:p
##
dem_pro:s
cop
ln_deti
np:pred
##
other
pro.1:a
v:pred
ln
np:p
#ac
f0.1:a
lv
vother:pred
ln_deti
np:p
##
adp
ln_dem
np:other
nc
nc
nc
pro.h:a
lv_aux
v:pred
np:p
#rc
rel_0:p
gen_pro.2:a
lv_aux
v:pred
adp
adp
ln_det
np:g
nc
np:other
##
other
pro.1:s
cop
other
adp
ln_det
np:pred_l
ln_adj
np:other
ln_det
pn_np:dt
other
np.h:appos
rn
rn_np.h
##neg
other
pro.h:s
lv_aux
v:pred
adp
np:other
##
pro.h:s
lv_aux
v:pred
adp
ln_det
pn_np:other
##
other
nc
0.h:a
v:pred
ln
ln
np:p
rn
rn_np
##
other
pro.1:a
lv_aux
v:pred
ln_dem
np:p
nc
adp
ln_pro.h:poss
np:l
##
other
other
#ac
adp
pro.h:s
v:pred
adp
adp
ln_det
np:obl
pn_np.h:dt_s
adp
ln_det
pn_np:other
%
other
pro.h:a
v:pred
#cc:p
f0.h:s
vother:pred
#ac
adp
pro.h:s
lv_aux
v:pred
##
ln_det
np.h:a
v:pred
pro.h:p
#ac
adp
other
other
adp
pro.h:a
lv_aux
0.h:p
##
pro.h:a
v:pred
pro.h:p
adp
np:other
##
pro.h:s
cop
ln_deti
np.h:pred
adp
ln_det
np:l
#ac.neg
adp
pro.h:a
lv_aux
v:pred
pro.h:p
other
##neg
other
other
0.h:s
other
v:pred
adp
dem_pro:other
##
pro.h:a
v:pred
ln_num
np.h:p
ln_num
np.h:appos
rn
nc
rn_deti
rn_np.h
##
other
other
pro.1:s
lv_aux
other
v:pred
adp
ln_dem
np:l
##
other
pn_np.h:s
cop
ln_deti
np.h:pred
adp
np:l
##
other
dem_pro:s
cop
pro:pred
##
other
other
other
#ac
adp
np:s
v:pred
other
%
other
ln_pro.1:poss
np.h:dt_poss
ln_pro.h:poss
np:s
v:pred
##
other
pro.h:s
v:pred
adp
adp
pn_np:g
#rc
rel_pro:s
cop
other
ln_deti
np:pred
rn
rn_pn_np
##
other
other
other:predex
ln
np:s
other:l
adp
pn_np:l
##
other
other
pro.h:s
lv_aux
lv
v:pred
adp
other:g
ln_adj
np:other
##
other
other
ln_pro.1:poss
np.h:s
v:pred
other:g
##
other
other
pro.1:s
v:pred
#cc:p
f0.1:s
vother:pred
adp
other:g
##
other
other
gen_pro.2:s
other
other
v:pred
other
adp
pro:obl
##
other
other
pro.1:s
v:pred
adp
ln_det
np:g
#
f0:s
vother:pred
adp
ln_deti
np:obl
ln_det
pn_np.h:appos
##
other
other
nc
nc
ln_det
np.h:s
cop
pn_np.h:pred
ln_det
np.h:appos
#ac
adp
pro.2:a
=lv_aux
v:pred
#cc:p
f0.2:s
lv
vother:pred
adp
ln_dem
np.h:obl
[INT]
#nc
nc
nc
nc
nc
nc
nc
nc
##
other
other
pro.1:s
=cop
adp
ln_pn_np.h:poss
0:pred_l
##
other
=other:predex
pn_np.h:s
##
pro.h:a
v:pred
ln_num
np:p
%
other
rn
rn_pn_np
rn
rn_pro.h:poss
rn_np.h
##
ln_pro.h:poss
np.h:s
cop
ln_deti
np.h:pred
##
pro.h:s
v:pred
adp
np:g
##
other
other
other
other
other:predex
np:s
adp
ln_dem
np:l
##
other
pro.1:s
lv_aux
lv
v:pred
adp
other:g
##
other
other
other
#ac
adp
ln_det
np:s
rn
rn_det
rn_np
v:pred
%
pro.1:s
other
other
lv_aux
lv
v:pred
adp
np:l
other
other
##neg
other
other
gen_pro.2:a
other
lv_aux
other
v:pred
other:lvc
other
pro:p
##
gen_pro.2:s
other
v:pred
other
adp
pro:obl
nc
nc
nc
[INT]
#nc
nc
nc
nc
nc
nc
nc
nc_pro.2
nc
nc
nc
nc
##
other
0.1:a
other
v:pred
ln_pro.1:poss
ln_adj
np:p
##
other
other
other
pro.1:a
v:pred
ln_deti
ln
nc
np:p
other
adp
np:other
##
ln_adj
np:a
v:pred
pro:p
##
other
pro.1:s
lv_aux
v:pred
ln_deti
np:obl
other
ln_deti
np:appos
##
other
pro:s
cop
other:pred
#ac
adp
adp
other
#ac
adp
pro.h:a
v:pred
#cc:p
0.h:a
vother:pred
np:p
rn_adp
rn_det
rn_adj
rn_np
other:l
adp
ln_det
np:l
%
%
gen_pro.2:a
v:pred
#cc:p
ln_det
other
np:s
lv_aux
lv
v:pred
other
other
other
##
pn_np.h:s
lv_aux
lv
v:pred
adp
dem_pro:l
adp
ln_det
pn_np:l
##
other
ln_det
np:a
lv_aux
lv
v:pred
ln_det
np:p
rn
rn_det
rn_np
nc
#ac
f0:a
lv
vother:pred
pro.h:p
#cc:obl
f0.h:s
vother:pred
#
f0.h:s
vother:pred
rv
adp
np:obl
##
other
0.h:a
v:pred
pro:p
##neg
other
gen_pro.2:a
lv_aux
v:pred
ln_deti
np:p
#rc
rel_pro:s
other
other
other:pred
#ac
other
adp
other
=other:predex
ln_adj
np:s
#ac
adp
gen_pro.2:s
lv_aux
v:pred
other
##
other
other
pro.h:a
lv_aux
v:pred
gen_pro.2:p
ln_adj
np:p2
##
other
pro:s
nc
lv_aux
v:pred
##
other
other
adp
ln_det
np:dt
ln_det
np:dt_a
rn
rn_deti
rn_np
pro:a
=lv_aux
v:pred
ln_num
ln_adj
np:p
#rc
rel_pro:a
=lv_aux
v:pred
ln_det
np:p
rn
rn_det
rn_adj
rn_np
##
other
other
lv_aux
other:predex
ln_num
ln
ln_num
np:s
rn_adp
rn_dem_pro
##
other
other
pro:s
cop
other
other:pred
##
other
pro:s
cop
other
other:pred
#cc
f0:p
lv
vother:pred
##
other
other
other
indef_other.h:a
other
v:pred
ln_pro.h:poss
ln_adj
np:p
nc
adp
ln_det
np:other
##
gen_pro.2:s
v:pred
adp
np:g
##
other
gen_pro.2:s
v:pred
other:g
##
other
#ac
adp
pro:s
=cop
np:pred
##
dem_pro:s
=lv_aux
cop
other:pred
%
gen_0.2:s
v:pred
rv
adp
ln_det
np:g
ln_adj
np:other
adp
ln_det
np:l
#ac.neg
other
adp
pro.h:s
lv_aux
v:pred
adp
pro:g
##
other
other
dem_pro:s
cop
#cc:pred_other
adp
pro.h:a
nc
v:pred
ln_adj
np:pred
##
other
other
other
other
pro:s
cop
other:pred
##
pro:s
=cop
other
other:pred
other
##
#ac
adp
gen_pro.2:s
v:pred
#ac
gen_f0.2:a
lv
vother:pred
ln_adj
np:p
%
pro:s
=lv_aux
v:pred
##
other
adp
ln_det
ln_adj
np:other
pro:s
=lv_aux
other
v:pred
rv
adp
np:other
##
other
gen_pro.2:a
lv_aux
other
v:pred
ln_deti
np:p
##
other
gen_0.2:a
v:pred
pro:p
adp
np:obl
adp
ln_det
np:obl
##
other
other
ln_det
nc
ln_det
np:dt
rn_refl
pro.1:a
v:pred
ln_pro.1:poss
ln_adj
ln_adj
other
np:p
rn
rn_deti
rn_np
ln_deti
np:appos
##
other
pro.1:a
v:pred
ln_num
np:p
##
other
pro.1:s
lv_aux
lv
v:pred
adp
ln_pro.1:poss
np.h:obl
##
other
other
indef_other.h:s
rn
lv_aux
v:pred
rv
##
other
0.h:a
v:pred
gen_pro.2:p
##
other
other
pro.1:s
=lv_aux
v:pred
adp
ln_det
np:other
adp
dem_pro:other
#nc
nc_pro.h
nc
nc
nc
nc
##
nc
pro.h:a
lv_aux
v:pred
rv
ln_adj
np:p
adp
np:l
##
other
ln_pro.1:poss
np.h:s
cop
nc
ln_deti
np.h:pred
##
other
other
pro.h:a
v:pred
pn_np.h:p
#ac
adp
pn_np.h:s
cop
ln_deti
np.h:pred
adp
ln_det
pn_np:other
##
other
other
#ac
adp
pro.h:a
v:pred
#cc:p
pro.h:s
lv_aux
lv
lv_v
lv
v:pred
adp
ln_deti
np:l
adp
adp
pn_np:l
other
%
%
pro.h:s_ds
v:pred
##ds.neg
pro.1:s
=lv_aux
lv
##
pro.h:s_ds
v:pred
##ds
pro.1:s
=lv_aux
v:pred
np:g
##
pro.h:s_ds
v:pred
##ds
ln
np.h:a
=lv_aux
lv_aux
v:pred
pro.1:p
#ds_cc:p2
intrg_other:p
f0.1:a
lv
vother:pred
##
dem_pro:s
=cop
pro:pred
##neg
other
pro.h:s
lv_aux
##
other
pro.1:a
v:pred
ln_det
np:p
adp
ln_det
np:l
##
other
other
other
np:s
v:pred
rv
other
other
other
other
other
##
gen_pro.2:a
other
v:pred
ln_gen_pro.2:poss
np:p
##
other
other
#ac
adp
other
=other:predex
ln_deti
np:s
%
gen_pro.2:s
lv_aux
vother:pred
adp
np:other
##
dem_pro:s
cop
pro:pred
##
other
gen_pro.2:s
v:pred
adp
np:g
ln_adj
np:other
#ac
other
pro:s
cop
##
other
adp
ln_dem
np:other
other
other:predex
ln
ln_adj
np:s
adp
ln_det
np:l
adp
np.h:obl
rn
rn_np.h
##
ln_pro.1:poss
ln_np.h:poss
np.h:s
lv_aux
lv_v
v:pred
other
other
other
other
##
other
other
other
other
other
other
#ac
adp
pro.h:a
v:pred
ln_det
np:p
rn
other
rn_pn_np
rn
other
rn_pn_np
rn
rn_pn_np
%
pro.h:s
other
v:pred
adp
pro:obl
#cc:obl
f0.h:s
lv
vother:pred
#cc
f0.h:s
lv
lv_v
lv
vother:pred
adp
ln_dem
np:l
##
other
pro.h:s
v:pred
adp
ln_adj
np:g
##
ln_pro.1:poss
np.h:s
pn_np.h:appos
v:pred
adp
adp
pn_np:g
other
other
adp
other:g
#
f0.h:s
vother:pred
adp
ln_deti
np.h:other
##
other
other
other
other:predex
other
ln
ln_detq
ln
np:s
#ac
other
adp
adp
ln_det
ln_adj
np:other
#ac.neg
adp
ln_det
np:s
lv_aux
v:pred
rv
np:obl
#ac
adp
pro:s
=cop
nc
nc
other
other
other:pred
adp
ln_det
np:l
%
%
other
pro.h:a
v:pred
#cc:p
f0.h:a
vother:pred
ln_det
np.h:p
ln_deti
np:other
adp
ln_det
np:other
ln_deti
np:other
rn
##
other
gen_pro.2:s
cop
ln_deti
np:other
adp
np:pred_other
ln_deti
np:other
rn
##
other
other
nc
ln_det
np.h:dt_s
other
other
pro.h:s
cop
adp
ln_det
other
np:pred_other
other
other
other
##
other
pro:s
cop
other
ln_deti
ln_adj
np:pred
##
other
other
other
ln
ln_detq
np:a
v:pred
#cc:p
f0:s
vother:pred
rv
##
other
other
pro.h:a
v:pred
#cc:p
f0.h:a
v:pred
np:p
adp
pn_np:obl
#cc
other
f0.h:a
vother:pred
np:p
adp
adp
nc
adp
pn_np:g
rn
rn_np
rn_adp
rn_dem_pro
#nc
nc
nc
nc_pro.1
nc
nc_np
#ac
adp
other
other:predex
nc
nc
#rc:s
intrg_other:p
pro.h:a
v:pred
np:obl
%
ln_det
pn_np:appos
rn
rn_det
rn_pn_np
#
other
f0:s
other
vother:pred
adp
np:obl
##
other
ln_dem
num_np:other
other
ln_dem
np:s
rn
rn_np
rn_adp
rn_adp
rn_num
rn_np
lv_aux
v:pred
ln_deti
np:obl
ln_pro:poss
np:dt
#nc
nc
nc
nc
nc_np.h
nc
nc_np.h
nc
nc
nc_np.h
##
other
other
pro.h:a
lv_aux
v:pred
ln_det
np:p
#ac
adp
pro.h:s
=lv_aux
lv
v:pred
adp
ln_det
np:l
##
other
0.h:s
other
v:pred
rv
##
other
0.h:s
v:pred
adp
ln_det
np:g
other
other
adp
ln_det
np:g
other
##
other
num_np:s
rn
rn_dem_pro
v:pred
adp
ln_det
ln_adj
np:g
other
other
adp
np:obl
adp
adp
pn_np:g
##
other
pro.1:s
lv_aux
v:pred
rv
##
other
0.1:a
v:pred
np:p
rv
adp
pn_np:obl
##
other
0.1:s
v:pred
##
other
nc
nc
ln_det
np:s
lv_aux
v:pred
rv
other
#ac
other
other
adp
np:s
lv_aux
v:pred
%
other
other
other
other
other
other
##
other
other
#
f0.1:s
vother:pred
adp
ln_det
np:g
rn
rn_pro.1:poss
rn_num
rn_np
#ac
adp
gen_pro.2:s
cop
ln_deti
ln_adj
np.h:pred
%
ln_det
other
np.h:s_ds
pn_np.h:appos
ln_adj
pn_np.h:appos
other
v:pred
##ds
other
pro.1:a
=lv_aux
lv_aux
lv
v:pred
pro.2:p
#ds_cc:obl
f0.1:s
vother:pred
#ac
adp
gen_pro.2:a
=lv_aux
lv
lv
v:pred
np:p
#
gen_0.2:s
vother:pred
adp
np:other
#ac
adp
gen_pro.2:s
v:pred
rv
adp
ln_gen_pro.2:poss
np:obl
##neg
other
other
other
other
other:predex
ln_detq
np:s
##
nc
nc
nc
pro.h:a
nc
nc
v:pred
pro.1:p
num_np:p2
##
pro.1:s
v:pred
adp
ln_deti
np.h:obl
##
other
pro.1:s
lv_aux
lv_aux
v:pred
adp
adp
pn_np:obl
##
other
0.1:s
v:pred
adp
adp
pn_np:g
##
other
adp
ln_det
np:other
#rc
pro.1:s
v:pred
other
%
ln_det
np:s
lv_aux
v:pred
adp
pro.1:obl
##
other
other
=other:predex
ln
num_np:s
#ac
other
pro.1:s
lv_aux
lv_aux
lv
v:pred
rv
adp
ln_det
pn_np:g
%
adp
adp
adp
pn_np:g
##
other
other
other
pro.1:s
lv_aux
other
v:pred
nc
nc
ln
ln
ln_deti
np:other
##
other
ln_det
np:a
v:pred
pro.1:p
rv
##
other
other
other
#ac
adp
gen_pro.2:s
v:pred
rv
adp
ln_gen_pro.2:poss
np:obl
%
gen_pro.2:a
lv_aux
lv
v:pred
#cc:p
other
other
gen_pro.2:s
lv_aux
other:lvc
#cc:obl
adp
gen_f0.2:s
vother:pred
adp
np:other
##
pro.1:a
v:pred
0:p
other
other
other
##
other
other
other
other
pro.h:a
v:pred
gen_pro.2:p
np:p2
rn_adp
rn_np
rn
rn_np
rn
rn_np
rn_adp
rn_dem_pro
##
other
other
pro:s
cop
other
other
other:pred
ln_det
other
pn_np:dt_s
##
pro:s
=cop
ln
ln_adj
np:pred
##
other
ln
ln_det
np.h:s
lv_aux
lv_aux
v:pred
rv
##
ln_deti
ln_adj
ln_adj
np:s
adp
adp
adp
ln_det
np:pred_l
##
other
gen_pro.2:s
=lv_aux
v:pred
rv
adp
ln_gen_pro.2:poss
np.h:obl
adp
ln_dem
np:other
ln_pro.1:poss
np.h:other
##
0.1:s
v:pred
adp
ln_pro.1:poss
np.h:obl
##
other
other
other
ln_det
np.h:s
lv_aux
lv
v:pred
rv
##
other
pro.h:a
=lv_aux
v:pred
gen_pro.2:p
adp
ln_det
np:other
##
other
ln_adj
np.h:a
rn
rn_det
rn_np.h
v:pred
gen_pro.2:p
np:p2
##
#ac
adp
nc
gen_pro.2:a
v:pred
ln_det
np:p
%
ln_gen_pro.2:poss
np.h:s
lv_aux
v:pred
nc
adp
pro.h:obl
#cc:obl
f0.h:a
lv
vother:pred
ln_deti
np:p
##neg
#cc:p
other
pro.h:a
v:pred
pro:p
adp
np:other
%
pro.1:a
lv_aux
v:pred
other
other
##
other
gen_pro.2:a
lv_aux
v:pred
ln_det
np:p
adp
np:other
adp
ln_det
np.h:obl
rn
rn_det
rn_np
#
f0.h:s
vother:pred
other
#ac
f0.h:a
lv
vother:pred
ln_gen_pro.2:poss
np:p
##neg
other
other
pro:s
other
v:pred
adp
dem_pro:g
##
pro.1:a
v:pred
ln_pro.1:poss
ln_adj
np:p
##
other
other
other
pro.1:s
v:pred
adp
ln_deti
np.h:other
adp
ln_det
np:l
other
##
ln_det
ln_adj
np:other
rn
rn_pro.1:poss
rn_adj
rn_num
rn_np
other
pro.1:s
v:pred
rv
adp
#rc:g
rel_pro:p
pro.h:a
v:pred
ln_det
pn_np:obl
##
pro:s
cop
ln_deti
np:pred
adp
pn_np:l
adp
pn_np:l
#ac
rel_pro:s
other
cop
ln_det
np:pred
other
other
other
##
pro:s
cop
ln_pro.1:poss
np:pred
adp
ln_det
np.h:obl
rn
rn_pn_np
#ac
adp
pro.1:s
v:pred
adp
ln_det
pn_np:obl
#ac
rel_pro:a
v:pred
ln_dem
np:p
other:l
##
other
other
other
ln_det
np.h:s
lv_aux
cop
other:pred_l
##
other
gen_pro.2:s
=lv_aux
lv_aux
v:pred
rv
#ac
gen_f0.2:a
lv
vother:pred
np.h:p
##
other
gen_pro.2:s
=lv_aux
other
adp
ln_det
np:pred_l
#
gen_f0.2:a
vother:pred
rv
np:p
other
np:other
rn_adp
rn_dem_pro
##
other
#ac
adp
gen_pro.2:a
v:pred
ln_gen_pro.2:poss
np:p
%
gen_pro.2:s
v:pred
rv
adp
ln_gen_pro.2:poss
np:other
other
##
gen_pro.2:s
cop
adp
ln_deti
ln_adj
np:pred_other
adp
ln_det
np.h:other
#nc
nc
nc
nc
nc
nc
##
other
other
other
adp
ln
np:other
rn
rn_np
gen_pro.2:s
v:pred
adp
ln_deti
np.h:other
##
other
#ac
adp
other
pro.h:a
=lv_aux
lv_aux
lv
v:pred
ln
ln_detq
ln
np.h:p
#ac
adp
pro.h:s
cop
other:pred
##
#ac
adp
ln_det
np.h:a
v:pred
ln_detq
np:p
%
nc
pro:a
v:pred
ln_deti
np:p
rn
rn_np.h
rn_adp
rn_det
rn_np
rn
rn_np.h
#rc
rel_0.h:p
ln_deti
np.h:a
lv_aux
v:pred
other
[INT]
#nc
#nc
nc
nc
nc_dem_pro
other
%
nc
nc
nc
nc
nc_np
nc
nc
nc
##
other
pro:s
cop
nc
other
other
other
np:pred_other
other
#ac
adp
nc
nc
pro.h:a
lv_aux
v:pred
ln_detq
np:p
##neg
pro.1:s
lv_aux
v:pred
other
##
other
other
pro:s
v:pred
##
other
adp
ln
ln_dem
np:other
pro.h:a
=lv_aux
v:pred
np:p
#
f0:s
vother:pred
rv
%
ln_det
np.h:dt_a
#ac
adp
other
np.h:s
other
other
other
v:pred
rv
#nc
nc
nc
nc
nc_pn_np
nc
nc
nc
nc
nc
##
gen_pro.2:a
=lv_aux
v:pred
ln
np:p
##
other
pro.h:s_ds
=lv_aux
v:pred
##ds
other
other
ln_dem
num_np:s
=lv_aux
lv_aux
v:pred
rv
other
other
##
other
other
xpro:s
=cop
ln_det
np:pred
##
other
other
other
ln_det
np.h:dt_a
#ac
adp
pro.h:a
v:pred
ln_pro.h:poss
np:p
other
##
pro.1:a
v:pred
#cc:p
pro.h:s
=lv_aux
v:pred
adp
adp
ln_det
np:obl
%
other
pro.h:a
v:pred
#cc:p
f0.h:a
vother:pred
#cc:p
f0.h:a
lv
vother:pred
dem_pro:p
##
other
other
pro.h:a
=lv_aux
v:pred
ln_deti
np:p
rv
#ac
adp
gen_pro.2:s
lv_aux
v:pred
other
other
##
other
other
gen_pro.2:s
=lv_aux
lv_aux
v:pred
adp
ln_deti
ln_np:poss
np:obl
##
other
other
#ac
other
other
adp
gen_pro.2:a
=lv_aux
v:pred
ln_dem
ln_adj
np:p
%
other
gen_pro.2:a
lv_aux
lv
v:pred
ln_gen_pro.2:poss
np:p
#nc
nc
nc
nc
nc
##neg
other
pro:s
lv_aux
v:pred
rv
ln_dem
np:other
other
other
##
other
gen_pro.2:s
lv_aux
v:pred
adp
ln_det
pn_np:obl
##
other
gen_pro.2:a
=lv_aux
v:pred
ln_det
np:p
#
f0:s
vother:pred
rv
##
other
gen_pro.2:s
=lv_aux
lv_aux
v:pred
nc
adp
adp
pn_np:l
##
ln_det
ln_adj
np:s
#
f0:s
lv
vother:pred
other:g
%
cop
adp
np.h:pred_obl
##
ln_det
np.h:s
adp
ln_dem
np:other
cop
other
other:pred
other
other
other
other
adp
ln_det
np:other
##
other
gen_pro.2:a
=lv_aux
v:pred
ln_deti
np:p
#cc:obl
f0:a
lv
vother:pred
gen_pro.2:p
other:g
#nc
nc
nc
nc
nc
nc
##
pro.1:a
v:pred
#cc:p
pro:s
=cop
ln
ln
np:pred
##
pro:s
cop
ln_det
np:pred
##
other
gen_pro.2:a
other
v:pred
pro:p
adp
ln_det
np:g
rn
rn_det
rn_np.h
##
other
#ac
indef_other.h:a
v:pred
gen_pro.2:p
other:g
%
other
gen_pro.2:s
other
v:pred
rv
##
other
dem_pro:s
cop
ln_gen_pro.2:poss
0:pred
##
other
#ac.neg
adp
gen_pro.2:s
lv_aux
v:pred
other:g
%
gen_pro.2:s
=lv_aux
other
v:pred
other:l
##
other
#ac
other
other
adp
gen_pro.2:s
lv_aux
v:pred
%
gen_pro.2:s
lv_aux
v:pred
rv
##
gen_pro.2:s
lv_aux
lv_aux
v:pred
rv
other
##
other
gen_pro.2:s
=lv_aux
v:pred
other:g
##
other
gen_pro.2:s
lv_aux
lv_aux
v:pred
other:l
##
other
gen_pro.2:a
=lv_aux
v:pred
nc
indef_other:p
#
f0:p
gen_f0.2:a
lv
vother:pred
rv
rv_v
##
gen_pro.2:s
lv_aux
cop
other:pred_l
adp
ln_num
np:other
nc
nc
nc
##
#ac
adp
pro.h:s
=lv_aux
v:pred
other
other
other
%
gen_0.2:s
v:pred
adp
pro:obl
#ac
f0:s
lv
vother:pred
rv
#ac
f0:a
nc
nc
lv
vother:pred
gen_pro.2:p
rv
##
other
other
gen_pro.2:s
lv_aux
v:pred
other
#ac
adp
gen_pro.2:a
v:pred
dem_pro:p
##
other
gen_pro.2:a
v:pred
indef_other:p
#
f0:p
gen_f0.2:a
lv
vother:pred
rv
rv_v
##
other
dem_pro:s
cop
pro:pred
nc
nc
nc
nc
##
gen_pro.2:a
=lv_aux
v:pred
ln_deti
np:p
adp
gen_pro.2:obl
adp
ln_gen_pro.2:poss
np:l
##
other
dem_pro:s
cop
pro:pred
##
other
#rc
rel_0:p
gen_pro.2:a
v:pred
adp
ln_det
ln_np:poss
np:l
%
cop
ln_deti
np:pred
##neg
other
pro.1:a
lv_aux
v:pred
#cc:p
other
ln_det
np:a
=lv_aux
v:pred
nc
nc
ln_deti
np:p
##
other
pro:a
cop
ln_deti
ln_adj
np:pred
##
pro:s
=cop
other:pred
adp
np:other
adp
ln_det
np:other
rn
rn_pro
##
other
ln_det
np:s
cop
other:pred
##
other
#ac
gen_f0.2:a
lv
vother:pred
ln_det
np:p
%
gen_pro.2:a
v:pred
ln_deti
np:p
gen_refl.2:other
adp
adp
np:obl
##
other
pro:s
cop
ln_adj
np:pred
##
other
other
pro:s
other:pred
adp
ln_det
np:l
##
other
other
ln_gen_pro.2:poss
np:s
v:pred
rv
other
adp
ln_det
np:g
##
other
dem_pro:s
lv_aux
lv_aux
lv_v
lv
cop
other:pred
#ac
adp
#ac
adp
gen_pro.2:a
v:pred
ln_deti
np:p
%
gen_pro.2:a
=lv_aux
v:pred
ln_deti
np:p
rn_adp
rn_gen_pro.2:poss
rn_np
adp
ln_deti
np:obl
rn
rn_np
rn
rn_adp
rn_dem_pro
#ac
gen_f0.2:a
nc
lv
vother:pred
pro:p
other
other
ln
ln_detq
ln
np:p2
##
other
other
other:predex
ln_det
np:s
adp
ln_det
np:l
adp
ln_det
np:obl
##
other
other
pro:s
cop
other
other:pred
adp
ln_det
np:l
##
other
gen_pro.2:a
=lv_aux
v:pred
np:p
adp
ln_det
np:g
##
other
gen_0.2:a
v:pred
pro:p
other
##
other
gen_0.2:a
v:pred
ln_deti
np:p
adp
dem_pro:obl
##
other
pro:a
=lv_aux
v:pred
ln_det
np:p
other
##
other
0:a
v:pred
nc
ln_gen_pro.2:poss
np:p
#cc:obl
f0:s
vother:pred
other
##neg
np:s
lv_aux
lv
v:pred
adp
ln_dem
np:other
##
gen_pro.2:a
lv_aux
lv
v:pred
ln_gen_pro.2:poss
np:p
##
#ac
adp
gen_pro.2:s
v:pred
adp
ln_deti
np:g
%
gen_pro.2:a
v:pred
ln_det
np:p
rv
#nc
nc
nc
nc
nc
nc
nc
nc
##
other
gen_pro.2:a
v:pred
nc
other
ln_det
np:p
rn_det
rn_np
rn_adp
nc
rn_det
rn_np
rn
rn
rn_det
rn_np
#rc
rel_pro:s
cop
other
ln_deti
ln_adj
np:pred
##
nc
other
gen_pro.2:a
v:pred
#cc:p
other
ln_det
np:dt
nc
ln_det
np:s
rn
rn_det
rn_np
v:pred
rv
other
other
other
##
nc
other
ln_det
np:s
cop
other
other:pred_l
##
other
pro.h:a
=lv_aux
v:pred
ln_det
np:p
other
other
##
other
other
adp
adp
ln_det
ln_num
other
other
other
ln_adj
np:l
other
other
lv_aux
other:predex
ln_det
np:s
##
other
other
=lv_aux
other:predex
ln_deti
np:s
##
other
#ac.neg
adp
np:a
rn
rn_det
rn_np
lv_aux
v:pred
ln_deti
np:p
other
%
pro:a
nc
v:pred
ln_det
np:p
rv
#ac
adp
pro:s
lv_aux
lv
cop
ln
ln
ln
ln_deti
np:pred
adp
other:l
##
other
dem_pro:s
cop
#cc:pred_l
other
gen_pro.2:s
v:pred
##
other
ln_det
np:s
rn_adp
rn_det
rn_np
cop
nc
other:pred
other
##
other
other
gen_pro.2:a
lv_aux
v:pred
dem_pro:p
adp
ln_deti
np:other
#ac
adp
gen_pro.2:s
lv_aux
v:pred
adp
ln_det
np:l
##neg
other
ln_det
np:s
cop
other:pred
#ac
adp
adp
gen_pro.2:a
v:pred
ln_deti
np:p
#rc
other
rel_f0:s
cop
other:pred
##
other
nc
nc
gen_pro.2:a
lv_aux
v:pred
pro:p
##
gen_pro.2:a
lv_aux
v:pred
pro:p
##
gen_pro.2:a
lv_aux
v:pred
ln_det
np:p
other:l
##
other
other
gen_pro.2:a
lv_aux
other
v:pred
pro:p
##neg
other
other
np:p
rn_adp
rn_dem_pro
gen_pro.2:a
other
v:pred
##
gen_pro.2:a
lv_aux
v:pred
pro:p
##
other
pro:s
=cop
other:pred
nc
#
f0.1:s
vother:pred
rv
adp
ln_pro.1:poss
np:g
%
#ac
adp
pro.1:a
v:pred
ln_det
np:p
#ac
other
adp
np:s
cop
other
other
other
other:pred
##
np.h:a
lv_aux
lv
v:pred
np:p
rv
##
other
pro.1:a
v:pred
ln_deti
ln_adj
np.h:p
##
0.1:a
v:pred
ln_deti
np:p
rv
adp
pro.h:g
##neg
other
other
pro.1:a
lv_aux
v:pred
#cc:p
pro.h:s
cop
other
other:pred
#ac
adp
pro.1:a
v:pred
#cc:p
ln_pro.1:poss
np.h:s
v:pred
adp
ln_pro.1:poss
np:g
other
#
f0.h:s
vother:pred
adp
ln_det
np:other
##neg
nc
pro.1:a
lv_aux
v:pred
#cc:p
intrg_other:obl
pro.h:s
lv_aux
v:pred
adp
##
pro:s
cop
np:pred
##
other
other
#ac
adp
ln_dem
np.h:s
other
v:pred
%
other
other
other
pro.1:a
v:pred
ln_det
np:p
#ac
adp
pro.1:s
lv_aux
v:pred
rv
other
other
##
other
other
pro.1:s
v:pred
rv
##
other
#ac
other:pred_l
ln_det
np:s
lv_aux
cop
adp
ln_det
ln_adj
np:l
%
other
pro.1:a
v:pred
#cc:p
f0.1:a
vother:pred
ln_det
np:p
%
ln_pro.1:poss
np.h:dt_s
rn
rn_pro.1
##
other
other
other:predex
ln_deti
np:s
rn
rn_np
##
pro.1:a
lv_aux
v:pred
pro:p
rv
##
other
0.1:a
v:pred
pro:p
rv
##
other
pro.1:a
v:pred
pro.2:p
##
pro.1:a
v:pred
#rc:p
intrg_other:other
nc
ln_deti
np:s
v:pred
adp
rn
rn_deti
rn_np
##neg
other
pro.1:a
lv_aux
v:pred
pro:p
#ac
other
adp
pro:s
=cop
other:pred
##
pro:s
=cop
#cc:pred_other
adp
vother:pred
#cc:p
lv
vother:pred
other
ln_det
np:p
rn_adp
rn_adj
rn_np
other
rn_adj
rn_np
rn
rn
other
rn_np
##
nc
pro:s
=cop
other:pred
##
other
adp
ln_deti
ln_adj
np:obl
gen_pro.2:a
v:pred
pro:p
#ac
other
other
adp
gen_pro.2:s
v:pred
rv
##neg
other
ln_detq
np:dt
xpro:s
lv_aux
v:pred
#cc
other
other
pro:s
lv_aux
v:pred
##
other
pro.h:a
lv_aux
v:pred
pro:p
#ac
other
adp
pro:s
v:pred
adp
ln_det
np:g
##
other
nc
pro:s
lv_aux
v:pred
rv
other
ln_det
np:dt_s
##
other
other
0:s
v:pred
adp
ln_det
np:l
##
other
dem_pro:s
cop
dem_pro:pred
##
other
dem_pro:s
cop
np:pred_l
##
ln_gen_pro.2:poss
np:s
cop
np:pred_l
##
other
ln
np:s
#ac
adp
other
other:predex
ln
np:s
%
cop
#cc:pred
other
gen_pro.2:a
v:pred
ln_det
ln_adj
np:p
##
other
gen_pro.2:a
=lv_aux
other
v:pred
ln_deti
np:p
rn
rn_np
##
other
gen_pro.2:s
v:pred
adp
ln_det
np:g
other:l
##
other
gen_pro.2:a
lv_aux
v:pred
pro:p
other
##
other
#ac.neg
adp
gen_pro.2:a
lv_aux
v:pred
np:p
rn
rn_np
%
other
other
other
pro:s
lv_aux
v:pred
other:l
other
adp
ln
np:other
#rc
other
pro:s
v:pred
adp
ln_det
np:g
adp
ln_det
np:other
##
other
other
ln_det
np.h:dt_a
rn
rn_det
rn_np.h
pro.h:a
v:pred
pro:p
rv
##
other
other
dem_pro:s
cop
ln_det
np:pred
##
adp
ln_det
np:l
pro.h:a
v:pred
ln_deti
np:p
##neg
other
other
gen_pro.2:a
lv_aux
lv_v
lv
vother:pred
pro:p
ln_det
np:dt_a
other
adp
ln_det
np.h:other
other
##
other
other
#ac
adp
gen_pro.2:s
=lv_aux
other
v:pred
rv
adp
ln_det
np:l
other
adp
ln_det
np:l
%
other
other
other
ln_det
np.h:s
lv_aux
v:pred
other
adp
ln_deti
np:obl
rn
rn_np
##
other
dem_pro:s
cop
pro:pred
##
dem_pro:s
cop
ln_gen_pro.2:poss
np:pred
##
other
other
other
adp
np:other
gen_pro.2:s
v:pred
adp
ln_det
ln_adj
np:other
#ac
adp
gen_f0.2:s
v:pred
adp
np.h:obl
%
adp
ln_deti
np.h:other
##
other
other
gen_pro.2:s
cop
adp
ln_gen_pro.2:poss
np:pred_other
##
gen_pro.2:s
other
v:pred
##
nc
pro.1:a
v:pred
ln
ln_deti
np:p
#ac
adp
f0.1:s
vother:pred
#ac
other
f0.1:s
vother:pred
##
other
np.h:dt_a
other
other
np.h:a
rn
rn_np.h
=lv_aux
v:pred
#cc:p
other
np.h:dt_s
nc
nc
rn
other
rn_adj
rn_np.h
rn
rn
pro.h:s
other
v:pred
adp
np:obl
##
dem_pro:s
cop
ln_pro.h:poss
ln_adj
np:pred
rn
rn_np
#nc
nc
nc
nc
nc
nc
nc
nc
nc
nc
nc
nc
nc
nc
##
other
#ac
adp
np:s
v:pred
rv
%
np:s
v:pred
ln_det
ln_adj
num_np:obl
##
other
other
ln_det
np:s
v:pred
rv
num_np:other
##
other
other
indef_other:s
lv_aux
v:pred
num_np:other
other
adp
ln_dem
np:other
rn
rn_np
##
other
gen_pro.2:s
lv_aux
v:pred
##
other
gen_0.2:s
vother:pred
##
other
ln_det
np.h:a
=lv_aux
lv_aux
v:pred
ln_deti
np:p
##
other
other
other:predex
ln_deti
ln_adj
np:s
#rc
rel_0:p
pro.1:a
v:pred
%
#rc
rel_pro:a
rn_adj
rn_np
other
v:pred
pro.1:p
adp
ln_adj
np:other
##
other
other
0.1:a
v:pred
other
num_np.h:p
rn
rn_pro.h
#cc:obl
f0.h:a
vother:pred
##
dem_pro:s
=cop
#cc:pred
adp
pro.h:s
lv_aux
v:pred
adp
adp
pn_np:obl
%
%
#cc:p
ln_det
np:s
rn_adp
rn_det
rn_np
cop
other:pred
adp
ln_det
np:other
##
other
ln_det
np:dt_s
#
f0:s
cop
ln_deti
ln_adj
np:pred
ln_adj
np:appos
%
pro:a
lv_aux
v:pred
np:p
other
##
other
other
ln_det
np.h:a
other
v:pred
ln_detq
np:p
adp
adp
adp
ln_det
np:obl
##
0.h:a
v:pred
pro:p
adp
ln_det
np:g
##
other
0.h:a
v:pred
pro:p
other
other
other
##
ln_detq
np:a
rn_adp
rn_det
rn_np
v:pred
ln_det
np:p
##
other
lv
pro:s
v:pred
##
other
other
nc
nc
nc
ln
ln_adj
np:s
cop
ln_det
ln_adj
np:pred
rn
rn_det
rn_pn_np
##
pro:s
=cop
ln_det
np:pred
##
ln_det
np:s
cop
other:pred
##
gen_pro.2:s
=lv_aux
v:pred
adp
ln_det
pn_np:g
##
other
other
gen_0.2:s
v:pred
rv
adp
ln_det
pn_np:g
##
gen_0.2:s
lv_aux
v:pred
rv
##
other
other
gen_pro.2:s
lv_aux
lv
v:pred
rv
##
gen_0.2:s
lv_v
lv
v:pred
other:lvc
adp
np:obl
##
np:s
lv_aux
lv
lv_aux
v:pred
adp
ln_deti
np:obl
rn
rn_np
##
dem_pro:s
cop
ln_det
np:pred
%
rn
rn_deti
rn_np
#rc
rel_pro:s
ln_deti
ln_adj
ln_adj
np:pred
rn_adp
rn_deti
rn_np
rn_adp
rn_pro
##
other
ln_det
np:s
v:pred
adp
pn_np:obl
##
other
other
other
adp
ln_det
np:other
pro.h:s
v:pred
rv
##
other
pro:s
cop
other
other:pred
other
other
other
##
other
pro.1:s
cop
other:pred
other
#ac
adp
intrg_other:p
pro.h:a
v:pred
np:other
##
gen_pro.2:a
=lv_aux
v:pred
ln_gen_pro.2:poss
np:p
##
other
other
#ac
adp
gen_pro.2:s
v:pred
adp
adp
ln_dem
np:obl
adp
ln_det
pn_np:l
#ac
gen_f0.2:s
lv
vother:pred
adp
ln_det
pn_np:obl
%
%
gen_pro.2:a
lv_aux
lv
lv_v
lv
v:pred
ln
ln_detq
np:p
adp
gen_pro.2:g
#ac
gen_f0.2:s
lv
vother:pred
rv
##
other
=other:predex
np:s
rn
rn_det
rn_np
other:l
other
##
gen_pro.2:s
v:pred
adp
ln_det
np:g
##
other
gen_pro.2:s
other
v:pred
rv
rv
rv
##
other
other
pro.1:a
v:pred
indef_other.h:p
#cc:obl
f0.h:a
vother:pred
pro.1:p
other
#cc:p2
other
other
0.h:a
v:pred
ln_det
np:p
adp
ln_det
np:obl
#ac
rel_pro:s
cop
np:pred
##
other
pro:s
lv_aux
v:pred
##
pro.h:a
v:pred
ln_det
np:p
##
0.h:a
v:pred
ln_det
np:p
adp
ln_det
np:g
##
other
0.h:a
other
v:pred
0:p
adp
ln_det
np:g
other
other
##
other
0.h:a
v:pred
pro:p
ln
np:g
##
other
pro:a
v:pred
ln
ln_detq
ln
np:p
adp
ln_det
np:other
other
#ac
f0:s
lv
vother:pred
ln_dem
np:g
##
other
gen_pro.2:s
v:pred
#ac
adp
gen_f0.2:a
vother:pred
np:p
##
other
gen_pro.2:s
v:pred
#ac
adp
f0.2:s
vother:pred
#ac
nc
other
f0.2:a
vother:pred
np.h:p
##
other
gen_pro.2:a
v:pred
other
ln_deti
np:p
rn_adp
rn_dem_pro
##
other
ln
num_np:s
cop
#cc:pred
other
other
adp
ln_deti
np:obl
other
gen_pro.2:a
v:pred
ln_deti
ln_adj
np:p
#ac
adp
gen_pro.2:a
v:pred
ln_deti
ln_adj
np:p
##
other
gen_pro.2:s
lv_aux
v:pred
##
gen_pro.2:s
other
v:pred
adp
ln_det
np:g
##
ln_det
np:s
nc
nc
v:pred
adp
ln_deti
np:obl
##neg
other
other
gen_pro.2:s
lv_aux
v:pred
other
adp
ln_det
np:g
##
#ac
adp
gen_pro.2:s
v:pred
adp
np:g
other
ln_adj
np:other
%
gen_pro.2:s
lv_aux
v:pred
rv
#ac
adp
other:g
gen_pro.2:a
v:pred
#cc:p
gen_f0.2:s
other
##
other
nc
dem_pro:s
=cop
ln
np:pred
#rc
other
rel_f0:obl
pro.1:s
=cop
adp
ln_adj
np:pred
adp
other
other
#ac
adp
pro.1:s
cop
adp
ln_det
np:pred_l
##
other
other
other
pro.1:a
v:pred
ln_pro.1:poss
np:p
##
other
other
other
adp
dem_pro:other
other
pro.1:s
v:pred
ln_deti
ln_adj
np.h:other
#ac
adp
adp
ln_det
ln_adj
ln_num
np:other
gen_pro.2:s
cop
other:pred
#ac
adp
ln_det
np:s
v:pred
rv
np:other
##
other
#ac
other
adp
pro.1:a
v:pred
ln_pro.1:poss
np:p
%
ln_det
np:s
v:pred
##
other
pro.1:s
v:pred
ln_deti
ln_adj
np.h:other
##
other
other
pro.1:s
v:pred
adp
ln_deti
nc
np:obl
pn_np:appos
##
0:s
cop
ln_deti
ln_adj
ln_np.h:poss
np:pred
##
other
other
pro.1:s
=lv_aux
lv_aux
v:pred
ln_adj
np.h:other
##neg
other
other
ln_det
ln_adj
np.h:dt_p
pro.h:a
lv_aux
v:pred
pro.h:p
#cc:obl
f0.h:s
vother:pred
##
other
pro.h:s
=lv_aux
v:pred
adp
ln_det
np:g
##
pn_np.h:dt_s
pn_np.h:appos
pro.h:s
cop
ln_deti
ln_adj
np.h:pred
##
other
other
pro.h:a
v:pred
pro.1:p
#cc:p2
other
pro.1:s
=lv_aux
v:pred
##
other
pro.1:s
v:pred
adp
ln_det
np:other
rn
rn_np
adp
pn_np:g
##
other
other
pro.1:s
cop
ln_adj
np.h:pred
##
0.1:a
lv_aux
lv
v:pred
ln_det
np:p
##
other
other
0.1:s
v:pred
adp
ln_det
np:obl
##
0.1:a
v:pred
np:p
other
other
adp
np:other
##neg
other
pro.h:a
lv_aux
v:pred
nc
nc
pro.1:p
#cc:obl
f0.1:s
vother:pred
other
##
0.1:a
v:pred
#cc:p
pro.1:s
=lv_aux
v:pred
adp
adp
ln_adj
np:obl
##
other
other
pro.1:s
lv_aux
v:pred
rv
##
other
0.1:a
v:pred
ln_det
pn_np.h:p
adp
ln_det
ln_adj
np:other
ln_adj
np:other
adp
ln_det
np:l
rn_adp
rn_pn_np
##
pro:s
=lv_aux
cop
ln_deti
np:pred
##
other
other
other
other
pro:s
cop
ln
np:pred
np:appos
##
other
other
other
xpro:s
cop
other:pred
##
other
other:predex
ln
np:s
adp
ln_dem
ln_adj
np:l
##
other
other
other:predex
other
ln_num
np.h:s
adp
ln_deti
np:other
##
other
pro.1:a
v:pred
ln_pro.1:poss
ln_adj
np:p
other:l
##
other
other
other:predex
nc
ln_deti
np.h:s
other:l
#rc
rel_pro.h:s
cop
ln_deti
np.h:pred
##
pro.h:s
v:pred
adp
adp
ln_det
np:obl
other
other
other
adp
pn_np:l
##
other
pro.1:s
lv_aux
lv
v:pred
adp
pro.h:obl
##
pro.1:a
v:pred
#cc:p
nc
pro.1:s
v:pred
adp
ln_pro.h:poss
np:g
##
other
other
pro.h:a
lv_aux
v:pred
ln
nc
np:p
##
other
pro.1:a
v:pred
#cc:p
pro.h:s
lv_aux
v:pred
other
other:lvc
##
ln_det
np.h:a
v:pred
#cc:p
pro.h:s
lv_aux
v:pred
other:lvc
##
other
ln_det
ln_adj
np.h:a
v:pred
ln_adj
np:p
##
pro.h:a
v:pred
pro.h:p
#ac
adp
pro.h:s
v:pred
adp
ln_det
np:g
%
#cc:p
pro.h:a
v:pred
np:p
##
other
ln_det
np.h:s
v:pred
other
adp
#cc
pro.h:s
=lv_aux
v:pred
other:lvc
##
other
other
pro.h:s
v:pred
ln_deti
np:other
##
0.h:s
v:pred
other
##
other
pro.h:s
v:pred
rv
other
##
other
pro.h:a
v:pred
pro.h:p
adp
np:g
##
other
pro.h:s
cop
other:pred
adp
ln
ln
ln_detq
np:other
adp
ln_det
np:other
##
other
other
other
dem_pro:s
=cop
ln_pro.1:poss
ln_num
np:pred
rn_np
other:l
adp
pn_np:l
##
other
other
nc
gen_pro.2:s
v:pred
adp
ln_det
ln_adj
np:g
adp
adp
ln_gen_pro.2:poss
np:other
rn
rn_gen_pro.2:poss
rn_np
#ac
adp
pro.h:a
v:pred
ln_dem
other
np.h:p
#rc
rel_0.h:a
v:pred
ln_det
np:p
##
other
other
pro.1:s
v:pred
adp
ln_det
pn_np:g
ln_det
np:appos
##
other
other
0.1:s
v:pred
adp
adp
nc
ln
np:g
rn_pn_np
adp
pn_np:l
adp
ln_det
ln_np.h:poss
np:other
other
other
adp
np:other
rn
rn_np
rn_adp
rn_dem_pro
##
other
other
adp
dem_pro:obl
pro.1:s
v:pred
adp
adp
ln_det
pn_np:g
##
other
other:predex
np:s
#
f0:s
vother:pred
adp
ln_det
pn_np:g
adp
ln_det
pn_np:obl
rn
rn_det
rn_pn_np
##
other
other
adp
other:obl
adp
ln_det
ln_adj
np:other
0.1:s
v:pred
adp
adp
pn_np:g
adp
ln_det
np:g
other:l
#ac
adp
dem_pro:s
cop
ln_deti
np:pred
other
other
##
other
other
ln_det
np:s
#rc
rel_0:p
pro.1:a
v:pred
adp
other:obl
nc
other
other
other
other
%
cop
ln_det
np:pred
#cc
other
ln_det
np:s
v:pred
adp
adp
ln_det
np:obl
other
##
pro:s
cop
np:pred
##
other
pro.1:a
v:pred
dem_pro:p
#nc
nc
nc
nc
#cc
other
other
#
f0.1:s
cop
pn_np:pred
np:other
rn_adp
rn_det
rn_np
%
pro.1:s
other
lv_aux
v:pred
other
adp
np:g
##
other
other
##
other
dem_pro:s
cop
ln
np:pred
%
pro.1:s
v:pred
adp
ln_num
ln_adj
np:g
adp
ln_num
np:other
##
pro.1:s
cop
adp
ln_det
pn_np:pred_obl
##
other
pro.1:s
lv_aux
v:pred
adp
ln_deti
np:g
ln
ln
np:l
rn
other
##
other
ln_dem
ln_adj
np:other
pro.1:s
cop
adp
np:pred_other
adp
ln_det
np:other
np:other
ln_det
ln_adj
np:other
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other
other
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f0.1:a
lv
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#rc
rel_0:p
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lv_aux
lv_aux
v:pred
%
np:other
##
other
pro.1:s
cop
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other
ln_num
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##
dem_pro:s
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other
other
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=cop
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ln
ln
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other
other
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#rc
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#
f0:s
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pro:l
##
other
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rv
rv
rv
##
other
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##ds.neg
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=lv_aux
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f0:s
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pro:l
And then there was a great big spurt and a bang in the water.
And the pierman, who was employed by the PLA, he said, Well, oh, there were a lot of things that dropped in there.
Oh, crumbs, what's this? Mind of it.
Then, once again, as I said with the skipper, I was shocked, because he didn't go after the barges.
But when the safety of their boat was concerned, and he'd say, Alright, we can't lay here, we can't leave the boat -- which they could've done -- no-one would have blamed them.
So, we upped, we all cast off, and we all went our ways.
Or our other boat was there by that time, the Vanuk, and Percy Green was the skipper.
No, Percy Green was the mate still then, and Stan Terson was the skipper.
And we ran down to Knights Roads, which was abreast of Lyalls, where the Victoria Dock is.
And, I say, and the Germans came back.
And we were in a silly position really, but they hung on there, and the bombs were dropping close, and we could see the dock, an absolute ball of flame silhouetted against the air.
And on our boat, we had the scuttle open, which was the sliding hatchway to the after-cabin, and there was the Scotsman sitting there rocking back and forwards with his son in the dark, he wouldn't have the light on, and the mate and the skipper were sitting up on the wheelbox and that, and we knew we had no water, so I said, Well, I'm going across on the other boat, for water, which I did do.
And I looked up at the skipper, Uncle Jim Chew, and he could see the gasometers in Levens Road gasworks silhouetted by a ball of flame behind them, and his house was a couple of streets behind that.
I could see him now, and I really, you know, admired the man there, you know, sitting there.
I mean, his wife was there and his child.
And I went over in the other boat, and down below they were playing cards, they were all cockneys, and they had the light on, they were playing cards and all the rest of it and they couldn't care less.
So, I stayed there.
It was a bit more cheerful, and in the end, Fred Smith come over, got me, I thought something happened to me, because I was gone so long; so, we took the water back, made tea, and we'd got too bad then, so I forgot what time of the night it was, but we cut and run, and we went down below to Plumstead, and moored up there.
And next day, we came in up, which was the Sunday; it was, like a scene from H. G. Wells', Things to Come, after the war.
You couldn't see any sign of life on the shore; I mean, as far as we're concerned, we were the only people alive.
And smoke and barges drifting about everywhere.
And, then, as we passed Woolwich, we'd just see a lorry going on, because, I think it's Church Road.
It's up high at Woolwich.
And we went back to Blackwall Pier, and we tied up.
And then, we walked home, because Jim Chew lived in this general direction which I did and, we parted, and as I walked down Slimmer's Road, and at the bottom, my grandmother's turning, there's Rosenblatt's, Jewish bakers -- that was flat.
And, I walked around the corner and, knocked at my own house, and I could hear them crying indoors, because they didn't know what happened to me.
And, that was it.
But my grandmother was there -- my father's mother -- she'd been bombed out from Culloden Street.
And, that was the start of the blitz.
And, of course of a night-time, we had no shelter; we were privileged in the sense that my father had bought a second-hand Ford car before the war.
I forget what one it was -- the old straight-backed one.
I think sixty pound it cost.
And the milkman taught him how to drive, and there was no driving test at the time, and, my father used to get very agitated and, first day we went out, he used to wear his stiff celluloid collar.
He didn't have a bowler hat or nothing, but the stiff celluloid collar.
And all the neighbours would stand outside and the milkman with his wife and mother and four children in the car.
And, of course, he didn't give it enough throttle and he kept -- CHUNK! along the street he was getting more and more agitated along the street.
Then because of the car, we had a side entry down the bottom, and he built a bit of a lean-to, that was a garage; so we had no room, to put an Anderson shelter.
At that time, there were no, they did have shelters you could put inside underneath the table, steel mesh.
So, we was all in the family shelter next door, the Lovelands.
So, husband and wife, and he hadn't worked for years; he was gassed in the First World War, and (he) had sort of form of palsy, and we could hear this ratting on his gas mask case.
And, yes, after he came out of the war, Loveland, after the First World War, and he started deteriorating, because he was gassed; the men carried him for as long as they could -- they carried him for years.
He was a stoker, in the gasworks until they couldn't cover him anymore.
And of course, he never worked after that.
He had two children, two boys and a girl.
And of course, we were all stuck in this Anderson shelter.
And Iris was a baby, in arms and that was it.
And, then when things got bad, my aunt, her nerves went, and she went down to Woodford, which is only a part of London, but there was no bombing there at Woodford.
And, they used to go down there every night, and then my mother went there, and I started going down there, but then you sort of got immune to it and, we went into the shelter belonging to a family, the Stamps.
In fact, the grandson was Terence Stamp, the actor.
If you'd like to hear about that family...
[INT] Let's leave that for another occasion, shall we?
Yeah. Anyway, we're in Stamps', there's Bobby Stamp, he had one eye, and Johnny Stamp and his sister.
His father was a donkeyman, he went to sea.
And, so there was room in this shelter, and we used to go over there.
And, then, when the intensity of the bombing declined, we just used to stay in bed, and then you just wouldn't, take notice of it; you just got immune to it. But the beginning...
[INT] What, what sort of work were you doing through this period?
Well, just doing my normal work.
But also, we did a mine patrol once a week.
Various lighterage firms shared it, and we got paid a payment, but an overtime payment, but it was compulsory so that , as they started dropping mines, like the acoustic mines, there up the river, you had the, minesweepers used to go up and down.
H. P. Herbert used to serve on those, on the Water Gypsy.
But the lighterage tug used to patrol the sections of the river, to stop them landing, coming down on parachute and report them.
And you weren't allowed any navigation lights, which a bit hairy.
Except when there's full moon, when you could see well, and then they would allow you little navigation lights, but they were, were screened.
And similarly, with the bridges, the bridges of a night-time they're got two orange lights, which'd signify the middle of the working arch.
So, there might be two or three arches like that.
But of course, they were hooded, and they were very hard to see.
And, so, everybody just did their normal work in the blitz.
You went to work, and you came home, and if it's firefighting, that'd be on, go up to the roof, incendiary bombs along the street, because they couldn't get to it.
And, that was until they made explosive incendiaries, and then of course it was dangerous.
They're more dangerous then.
When you went to tackle incendiary bomb, it'd explode.
But in the first instance, they'd just come down in clusters, and you could get a stirrup pump or dowse them with sand with the stirrup pumps.
And then the street itself, we organised our own voluntary watch of a night-time, a fire-watch, and we did two hours, and I used to go with my father.
And then, someone else would come along and relieve you and then we'd go through the night like that.
They did fetch in compulsory fire-watching at factories, but my father was a socialist, and also he detested Morrison, because Morrison was a conch in the First World War, and, when they said, he had to go and fire-watch at a factory over in Mile End somewhere, he said, I'm not! He said, I'll go prison!
He said, No conchy's gonna tell me what to do! That's it and he wouldn't.
But we did the fire-watching in the street.
So that, life carried on more or less as normal.
You just did your work, and, if there's an air raid, you was disturbed at night.
That was it and you went to work next morning -- wherever it was.
By that time there was very little work in the docks for dockers and stevedores; my mother's brothers were gone lorry-driving and things like that.
And then later on, of course, when they got the emergency ports of Mersea and, Loch Ryan and Gurrock, they asked for them to volunteer to go and work in these ports, and they went to various places.
My uncle John went down to Cardiff, I know, down there, working as a stevedore.
But, there was still a bit of lighterage, although in the first incident when the ships couldn't get through E-boat alley, because it's much, too much too dangerous on the east coast.
They started making the tug crews a week on the labour, a week off.
So you was a week on labour, a week off.
And, the, the lightermen, of course, they was on the labour all the time.
Excuse me. It was still a reserved occupation.
And, then a few ships started coming through, and then they started fetching stuff through Bristol, and piping oil up across to, to Windsor and place like that.
So, our small tug, because there were two of what they call dock tugs -- the varlet and the vassal, colloquially known as toshers.
Not those two but that type of tug up to eighty horsepower was called a tosher, its nickname.
Just a two-man crew, a skipper and a mate.
And they would do the work when they're not towing in the dock, and perhaps come out and tow up the creek and back in the dock again. [CUT IN RECORDING]
But one of those went on the long run and that, from upriver down to Teddington and we did go up and pick craft up from Teddington and work.
So there was, the work did spring up again as far as lighterage was concerned, but not to the same extent.
And, getting towards the end of my two years, when you are an unlicenced apprentice, the labour master, Sid Stayden, old Sid Stayden, said, Right, we'll have to get you driving, because you're supposed to have experience driving under oars, when you went up for your test.
And, so there weren't many driving jobs, he gave me one.
I went with a chap, and we was gonna drive out of Chelsea Creek and go up to Hammersmith.
But by the time we go outside, the boat was waiting for us.
And there's another one, where we was going to drive up to the Victoria Dock, up along to Rotherhithe, but once again we were only gone for about half a mile, and the tug picked us up.
But, of course, when you went up for your twos, you had to say that, you had experience of driving under oars.
I had, but not enough.
But then, of course, they asked you questions about sets of tides and things like that and, it was quite awe-inspiring, the Watermen's Hall; it's a very old hall, and all the court would be sit berobed.
A little high table in front of the window and you'd go in with your master, in this instance my father, apprenticed to my father, and then the boy had to step forward, and they'd address you as the boy.
And various members of the court asked you questions.
If you failed the test, your master could ask for them to get a barge, whether they did it in wartime, I don't know, but pre-war, and you would drive the barge under oars, with the beadle of the company rowing behind to observe your performance.
But, it never came to that.
I got my two-year licence.
And then, I went as a lighterman on the craft then.
The last part of my first two years, I went around to what they called the New Wharf, it was a railway wharf up Bow Creek, by Canning Town Bridge, which, was the headquarters if you like, it was our reporting place for the lightermen of Volkins, because we contracted for the LNER, which had that wharf there.
And, so the boy would be there, and you'd get sent out to assist lightermen, but you'd mainly at the wharf, sweeping up barges and things like that.
But once you got your twos, you was out on your own then, you were at a lesser rate than the freemen, certain restrictions on night work, but, to all intents and purposes you worked as a freeman.
And because pre-war they'd tended to use a lot of apprentices, because they was cheap, as the unions got more power, it imposed a quota of apprentices to the number of freemen a firm could have and...
[INT] When was that, then, that the specific regulations were brought in?
It was I suppose about nineteen thirty-nine, nineteen forty, as they were getting more power.
I couldn't say exactly, but, it started.
Similarly 'round about that time, they'd got meal hours paid for the lightermen, because lightermen, you could say, tow up to the New Wharf, for instance, we... [CUT IN RECORDING]
...past twelve, you've had no lunch, and they'll say, Right, well, that one's gotta go out! You see? And, of course, it's the tide.
So, that, the men, when they felt their feet warm, I mean, they've come out of the depression, they started refusing to do that, and then they've brought a meal hour in, so you could change straight over, and you'd get paid for an hour's overtime.
And, but as soon as you'd finished that second job, now you had to have your meal hour.
Charged for a meal, but it didn't work out that way so much.
You could come out the Victoria Dock, and you'd missed the boat going up, and you'd be stuck at out on Victoria Dock buoy.
The only way to get ashore is by watermen.
The watermen by that time were very few and far between, particularly in the war.
Or you'd get a police-boat to put you ashore.
And you used to get -- I think it's half a crown -- it was the waterage fee.
And you either gave it to the police-boat or the watermen or someone stepped you ashore; then you just walked in and that was yours.
But if you couldn't get ashore, you're just stuck there.
Well, as far as you was concerned, you was coming out, you was gonna tow up somewhere and you'd get ashore.
But you would be stuck there.
And you'd have nothing, nothing to eat or drink.
You might be there for six hours' time the boat, if he'd gone right up along, waited for it to come along to pick you up.
I mean, you got paid, didn't you, if you did that, but you had nothing to eat or drink.
And that was it. And... [TAPE INTERRUPTED]
...a sandwich, you'd take a sandwich with you in your pocket, and that was it.
All you had in the barge's cabin was a stove -- and I don't know if the museum's got a barge stove -- but they are a particular stove; they're peculiar to barges, in the shape of them.
And the front was open.
And to start the fire, you made a blower yourself, out of newspaper, so, it was rectangular stove.
And then, it conical at the top, and then your funnel went up, generally to the deck level.
Now, this would be inclined to be smoky, so, if you got a rattan mat, you'd make an extension to your funnel with a rattan mat or cardboard anything like that, to, to give it sort of a bit of draught.
So, there was the bars at the bottom for the fire, and then it was just open at the top, and you'd put newspaper around the rim and get it tight and make a blower from that, and it'd take the smoke away and get, your, your fire going properly.
Coal was not provided in that instance; you used to pinch your coal.
When you got alongside a coal barge, you coaled the barge up, then it became a question of... [CUT IN RECORDING]
And you had the stove, the fire in the cabin and then the locker, which was just a wooden bench.
If you visualize that the Huddis plates, the configuration of the barge sloped down, forward and aft.
Aft, the cabin was always aft.
And they'd matchline the cabin a bit.
And then in between the two, if you like, artificial walls, they would be the lockers; so there'd be a bench, and although most of the barges didn't have a locker underneath, it carried the name on, when it used to be a sort of a cupboard underneath there.
And this is where you stayed.
And the lifebelt on the barge was a round, pillow shape, and, of course, you would use that for a pillow, if you was sleeping aboard the barge.
The cabins weren't unpleasant, except if you got a barge that was rat-infested.
Then you could, you could smell them; you could hear them.
...you could see the rat droppings everywhere, and then you could, smell them, and, smells like that you never forget.
You can describe it, and it's similar, when -- going back to my childhood -- when we had the shop, and when things were still a bit hard, people used to let rooms out.
And we had a young couple, let a room out to them, and, I don't think they was very clean, because I remember my father come into our bedroom, once looking over the wall -- I didn't know what he was looking for -- it was bugs.
And, when this couple finally moved, well, in fact, we wanted the room, because we were growing up by then.
And, we went in, and where the bed had been on the far window, we started stripping the wallpaper, my brother and I, and there was a mess of bugs.
We was shovelling them up and running them down, and I tell you, I know what the, a bug smells like, or a bug infestation, but I couldn't describe it.
Not because it's indescribable; it's like trying to describe, the difference between roast potatoes, roast chicken, and apple pie.
It's difficult, so, with a rat-infested barge, you smelt it as soon as you went on.
And some barges -- it don't matter how often they were fumigated, and they would fumigate them, when they went on the barge yard.
They, they would come back again, the rats.
And, live aboard the barge.
And that was that.
So, that was aft; your cabin was aft, and down forward -- because there was no toilet -- was where you found the brown-handled knives.
So, you'd either have a piece of sacking, and you went to the toilet there, and you would throw it overboard, but if you didn't have sacking or newspaper, then, of course, it was left there and, until such times when she went in the barge yard for the overhaul, and then the barge repairers and the barge builders, they cleaned it out.
But, that was the forward.
On the tug they had a toilet, but, you weren't allowed to use it, the lighterman, just for the crew. Yeah.
And, if you were towing up, behind the barge, behind the tug, as I say, the lighterman could go aboard for a cup of tea, and that was it.
That was your lot.
So that in lighterage, you learnt, in the first instance, by being with people as a two-year boy, and then you were on your own, you still learnt.
I learnt quite a lot by sitting and listening.
Now, dockers and stevedores'll say that lightermen and probably working men in general, they always talk about work.
That was their main topic of conversation.
Work, then women, then betting and sport, and way, way down.
And after television came in, television became the prime one, and, the work went down one, and then everything was downgraded one then in that order of priority.
But you could sit and listen, and the men'd be describing an experience -- and there was a couple things I learnt which, amongst others, helped me in later time.
And then, remember once, one of them saying, that's when he was coming out of Barking Creek, the wind into the creek was stronger than the tide and the barge, being a light barge, empty barge, it was catching wind more, and the lighterman just got some gratings from out of the barge, tied them to the light and dropped them overboard and that, few gratings in the tide counterbalanced the wind and out she went.
And, another bad place was the eastern basin of the London Dock.
It's the walls, the quay walls were high.
You'd come into the Shadwell entrance, and then go through into the East India Dock, get locked up.
And then you had to shoot across, try and get way, with barge.
Barges used to be equipped with a pair of paddles -- that was the oars -- and a hitcher, which a long, long boat pole, with a hook on it.
But, the paddles came from Sweden.
And of course through the war, they dried up, and they were a few and far between, so, we were down then to what they called fingernail lighterage.
You'd use your fingernails.
So that when you came out of that lock, in the Shadwell Basin to go past the East India Dock, you used to try and get as much way across you to trade across.
There's peculiarity of the wind there sometimes; you get in the middle, and you just go 'round and 'round.
And, I remember someone telling me once that, got the funnel from the stove, which was cast iron, and they were chained; they broke the chain, tied the end to the rope, and just dropped down the forward and that.
And pulled it either side, and it got a bit of way on the barge again, to get that way.
So, you learnt by doing things.
And you learnt by listening and, and watching others, then you got like a thing like that.
Oh, another one was that, with a tug sometimes, you got a terrific wind, if you had a terrific wind, and you would always round into the tide, the tide would act as a brake.
Sometimes you couldn't get downhead to the wind.
If you went around stern first, full speed, you could come back to where you want to.
But that's another thing that we're in good stead with later on when I was in the army.
And, so, I got my twos, and then, shortly after that, I became a registered man, because, in the first two years, you were unregistered, although the scheme come in nineteen forty-one.
So, shortly before I got my twos, the scheme started and I became a registered man.
And, I belonged to a youth organisation -- Young Christian Workers -- it was a catholic workers' organisation.
And, I'd been elected national president and then the national secretary -- they couldn't get him reserved, and he'd gone into the army.
Pats, Patrick Keegan, he was a Wiggan hod.
And, they asked me if I'd go, so I went in the June of nineteen forty-two to Liverpool, and, I was national secretary, used to edit the magazine, and, deal with the correspondence, arrange conferences and whatnot, until December, and they couldn't get me reserved also; thought I'd come out of reserved occupation, and, I was called up, and joined the east Lancs for the six weeks initial training at the camp at Blundell Sands.
It'd been a holiday camp.
And, once again it was about December, winter, and, oh, it was freezing.
There was no heating in these flimsy chalets.
And there were three men to a chalet, and we did our initial training there.
And there was a chap there who was a bus driver, he came out of the backwoods, if you like, in Lancashire; and I had to cover for him.
I remember we went to his place, and he kept getting stomach cramp, and we thought he was swinging the lead.
The doctor said he was swinging lead.
But the poor bugger had perforated ulcers.
He told them when he came in the army he had ulcers.
And the doctor gets more towards he's swinging lead, and, he went one day, reported sick, and he spewed up black, and they rushed him to hospital, and he was dead, within about a few hours, in the army.
And, so that's our six weeks training there at Blundell Sands.
And then, you went to the various regiments, according to your trade or your inclination, because they had this, psychologist who did the test.
And, I went into the Royal Engineers, the lighterage, and then, went down to Cardiff, just outside [UNCLEAR] Cardiff, by Llandaff Cathedral, for the sapper's training, you know, in demolition and stuff like that.
And then, from that I went up to the Surrey Docks, there was Nissen huts put in the Surrey Docks for the IWT, Inland Water Transport section of the Engineers.
And, from there, after the initial training, went up to Cairnryan to the army camps there, because that was a military port by then.
And, the thing I remember from there, more than anything else, was the fact that the water came out of the taps brown; it was peat.
First I met this.
And the fact that, being Adams, A in the alphabet, I always got put first into things.
And once -- and this is no exaggeration -- I went to three different units in three days.
We was with the Engineers, and we were sent to an artesian works company, it was a couple of camps down before, but that last night I was on fire picket duty for the night.
Security duty the next night, and then we marched around the loch to join the company we were gonna form, PFB company, and I was on guard the first night again, three nights on the trot.
That was that, being A.
So that, we did just sort of general duties there, and then we formed this Port Floating Equipment company, 969 PFE, and we went to Cairnryan.
Now, from Cairnryan we went around to a headland, but the nearest place was the Isle of Whittle.
It's on the Mull of Galloway.
And a bay near us, Rigg Bay, we started the secret experiments for the Mulberry Harbour.
And the first one was the, the first idea rather, was great big concrete cassoins, the floating barges, which would be flooded, with a road going between them, and they got pioneers winching this roadway up and down, and this was too cumbersome, and they abandoned it, but then, they used these cassoins as breakwaters in Rigg Bay, because it really used to be fierce there, the weather, on the Scottish coast.
And, then they hit on the idea with the pontoons supporting flexible bridging, which was the main thing.
And, when they decided this was what they was gonna use, we then moved down to the Isle of Wight, and we started training on this stuff.
Because we were afloat; we got up the Navy's nose, because they, see, said no.
They were gonna tow them across to France.
And when their bods came and looked at them, they said, We're not gonna go next, because it was just a section of floating roadway -- six spans on pontoons, which were not facing the direction of port, but athwart. Across the direction of port, resting on it.